Exam (elaborations)
KNES 355 Midterm questions with correct answers.
- Course
- NURS 355
- Institution
- Liberty University
KNES 355 Midterm questions with correct answers.
[Show more]
Content preview
KNES 355 Midterm questions with correct answersHistory: What is it good for? Correct Answer--Illustrates how certain
managers were visionaries in developing sport fitness business
-Models modern management practices
"Setting the Stage": Mid-to-late 1800s Correct Answer-Trends that aided
development of Sport Industry
○ Urbanization
○ Growing middle class bought entertainment(e.g: sport)
○ Mass Audience
○ Technological influences(mass distribution)
§ Telegraph, Newspaper, Railroads
○ Sport Performance segment first to modernize
Baseball & Horse Racing had structured organizations
Late 1800s: Sporting Goods Correct Answer-• Mass Production:
Bicycles and Baseball gloves
• Spalding
○ Vertical Integration
○ Diversification
○ Development Modern Mgt. Systems
○ Utilize promotional strategies
• Industry Trends
,○ Used slogans and trademarks for brand recognition
○ Began to use advertising
○ Above practices later adopted by other sport businesses
• College Athletics
○ First college football(rugby) game: 1869
§ Admissions first charged 3 years later(Yale vs Columbia)
§ Keep in mind that even today, we are one of the only countries in the
world to "marry" sport with education
○ Intercollegiate Football Conference: 1876
§ Created rules and standardized methods of play
§ Organized annual thanksgiving day game
○ Sport Performance Segment
§ Baseball surpasses cricket in popularity
§ National association first pro baseball:1871
□ William Hulbert takes control of league in 1876
□ Profit-oriented baseball gains legitimacy
® Tied owners to a schedule and enforced rules
Early 1900s: Age of Organization Correct Answer-• Sport becomes
increasingly popular with consumers
○ YMCAs begin to organize and market
○ United States Golf Association organized
○ Colleges begin to offer more sports
• Movement to reform/outlaw college football
,○ Too violent(some players had died)
○ NCAA is formed
Rules implemented to help make the game safe
Roots of Mass Mediated Sports Entertainment Correct Answer-• Early
Sports Media: Constraints of the medium(radio)
○ Baseball and boxing most popular
○ The nature of the sports fit better with radio play-by-play than other
sports of the day
○ Organizations begin to segment/target markets
§ Market Segmentation
§ Growing middle class prime target
○ Advertising becomes increasingly important
Newspapers, magazines, radio
1910: Advent of Athlete Endorser Correct Answer-• Media coverage:
Athlete=Celebrity
• Maker of Louisville Slugger signs endorsers
○ Public sought to emulate celebrities
○ Babe Ruth, Honus Wagner, Ty Cobb
Ruth's popularity leads to other endorsements
1920a: "Golden Age" of Sports Correct Answer-• WWI increases market
for sporting goods
, ○ Sporting goods used to train soldiers
○ Increased demand for civilians for entertainment
○ War emphasized sport as way to be "manly"
○ Greater production and more distribution outlets
• Competition and Economy hurt profits
○ First trade association formed: Chamber of Commerce of Athletics
Goods Manufacturers
○ Helped to regulate competition
○ Helped to create efforts that would promote sport participation
○ Golf Manufactures hire: Fred Corcoran***
§ Tournaments used to showcase golf products
§ Corcoran made tournaments self-sufficient
§ Used golf as platform to sell
Later hired to head up LPGA
Impact of WWII Correct Answer-• Many professional athletes drafted
into military
○ College and high school programs cut
○ Military leagues flourished(morale and fitness)
○ War increased participation by women
§ "A league of their own"
○ When war ended Americans looked for more entertainment
NBA is formed
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller cracker. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $15.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
82956 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now