Exam (elaborations)
KNES 351 Final Review Questions with correct answers.
- Course
- Knes
- Institution
- University Of Maryland - University College
KNES 351 Final Review Questions with correct answers.
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KNES 351 Final Review Questions with correctanswers
Where do CM cells originate? Correct Answer-Anterior bank of central
sulcus (M1)
What can a single CM axon cell synapse with? What does this permit?
Correct Answer-Spinal motor neurons of many muscles
Permits fine control of the hand
Difference in CM and CST neuron synapses Correct Answer-CST cells
synapse with interneurons, THEN spinal motor neurons
CM cells synapse DIRECTLY with spinal motor neurons, while
indirecty suppressing antagonist muscles via inhibitory interneurons
Spinal cord synapses: Anterior vs Lateral CST Correct Answer-Anterior
CST: decussate at level of spinal cord they exit from, synapse directly
onto interneurons
Lateral CST: most synapse onto interneurons, some synapse directly
onto AMNs of ventral horn
Damage to descending motor pathways & effect Correct Answer-
Damage to descending neuron above decussation = contralateral effect
Damage to anterior CST below decussation = contralateral effect
Damage to lateral CST below decussation = ipsilateral effect
, M1 lesions and chemical used Correct Answer-Muscimol - GABA
agonist that temporarily causes reversible lesions
Small lesions cause weakness, lack of coordination, and imprecise
movements
Large lesions cause temporary paralysis of distal and trunk muscles
Lateral CST controls ________ muscles while the Anterior CST controls
__________ muscles Correct Answer-Lateral CST - distal
Anterior CST - axial
Damage to lateral CST below decussation affects the _______________
side Correct Answer-ipsilateral
Damage to descending motor neuron above decussation affects the
___________ side Correct Answer-Contralateral
Steps of descending motor pathway Correct Answer-1. Output leaves
M1 travelling via internal capsule to pons, midbrain, and medulla
2. Most neurons decussate to lateral CST to control limb muscles
3. Some stay ipsilateral and travel down the anterior CST to control axial
muscles
4. Each tract synapses with internrurons or ventral horn motor neurons
4 structures of the basal ganglia Correct Answer-Striatum
Globus pallidus
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