Essay

Shigella Infections in Street Food in India

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Biol351

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San Diego State University

In this paper, we will focus on Shigellosis which is a major illness related to street food. Shigella is a group of bacteria that causes gastroenteritis that can lead to severe health implications when transmitted through contaminated street food and it is one of the principal causes of diarrhea in...

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Paula Noriega
Vanessa Dominguez
Environmental Protection
Nicolas Lopez
February 13th

Shigella Infections in Street Food in India

Street food is very important for India’s culture, it identifies territory and tradition. It is
expanding along with the growing urbanization and the need of urban populations for
employment and food (Rane, 2011). Street vendors are one of the primary sources of
income for their families but street food is still unregulated and has severe impacts on
human health. It is considered unsanitary by many due to poor hygienic practices by the
street vendors since they do not follow basic food safety standards such as wearing
aprons, having access to tap water, using soap for cleaning utensils, and having
refrigerators for food storage. The use of raw ingredients, unhygienic preparation
methods, and infected containers contribute to microbial contamination of street food.
Vendors also congregate in overcrowded areas where there is limited access to basic
sanitary facilities. The handling and trading practices of street vendors are often
unhygienic, leading to food contamination by foodborne pathogens (Rane, 2011). The
contamination of food is also linked to the waste generated by its preparation, which is
usually dumped near the vending site. There are not a lot of facilities for liquid drainage,
wastewater, and garbage disposal. This causes the waste to be thrown into nearby
streets and gutters which can attract rodents and facilitate the breeding of flies and the
growth of microorganisms. These places with accumulated garbage, insects, and
animal pests are linked to enteric disease transmission like Shigella, Salmonella, and E.
coli. All around the world, in growing urban areas, market food systems can be critical
for food security, since they lack policies and regulations.

In this paper, we will focus on Shigellosis which is a major illness related to street food.
Shigella is a group of bacteria that causes gastroenteritis that can lead to severe health
implications when transmitted through contaminated street food and it is one of the
principal causes of diarrhea in India. It is an endemic in the country and there are many
reported outbreaks. These occur in closed populations. Shigella species are responsible
for causing severe gastroenteritis, which is one of the most common causes of
morbidity and mortality in children in developing countries. There are four different
groups of Shigella species but the most common is Shigella flexneri, though, more
forms are becoming more prevalent (Taneja, 2016). For example, group D, Shigella

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