Final NURS 662: Int. Acute Care Adv. Nursing |1000
questions with correct answers|
What are the diagnostic criteria for delirium in critically ill patients?
Correct Answer-Determining level of consciousness using RASS and
SAS, and screening for delirium using a screening tool (CAM).
What are the presentations of delirium? Correct Answer-Altered level of
consciousness, change in cognition, onset over hours to days, fluctuating
course, behavioral changes, and sleep alterations.
What are the diagnostic criteria for dementia? Correct Answer-MRI,
CBC, BUN, Cr, liver, thyroid function, vitamin B12, and memory loss
accompanied later by aphasia, executive dysfunction, or navigational
problems.
What are the presentations of dementia? Correct Answer-Memory loss
accompanied later by aphasia, executive dysfunction, or navigational
problems. Can progress to Alzheimer disease.
What is the etiology of Myasthenia Gravis? Correct Answer-Decrease in
the number of Acetylcholine receptor due to an antibody autoimmune
attack.
What is the basic pathophysiology of Myasthenia Gravis? Correct
Answer-Autoimmune disorder, resulting from the production of
antibodies against post synaptic acetylcholine.
,What is the presentation of Myasthenia Gravis? Correct Answer-
Fluctuating weakness (worse after exercise or prolonged activity)
relieved with rest, and drooping eyelid unilateral (50% patients).
What is the etiology of Guillain-Barre Syndrome? Correct Answer-
Unknown, but often preceded by an infectious illness.
What is the pathophysiology of Guillain-Barre Syndrome? Correct
Answer-It is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks
the peripheral nervous system.
What is the etiology of Critical Illness Polyneuropathy? Correct Answer-
It is often associated with sepsis, multiorgan failure, and prolonged
mechanical ventilation.
What is the management of Critical Illness Polyneuropathy? Correct
Answer-Treatment of the underlying condition, supportive care, and
physical therapy.
What is the etiology of Parkinson Disease? Correct Answer-It is
primarily idiopathic, but genetic and environmental factors may play a
role.
What is the basic pathophysiology of Parkinson Disease? Correct
Answer-It involves the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the
substantia nigra of the brain.
,What are the symptoms of Myasthenia Gravis? Correct Answer-Blurred
vision, diplopia, trouble smiling, difficulty chewing, swallowing, and
speaking, nasal speech or weak voice.
What can cause a Myasthenia crisis? Correct Answer-Lithium, beta
blocker, pregnancy.
What are the diagnostic tests for Myasthenia Gravis? Correct Answer-
AChR binding antibodies, MuSK antibodies, thyroid function, chest CT
(thymoma), EKG testing.
What is the management for Myasthenia Gravis? Correct Answer-
Pyridostigmine 30-60 mg po tid-qid, high dose prednisone, azathioprine,
mycophenolate, cyclosporine, rituximab, eculizumab.
What are the symptoms of Guillain-Barre Syndrome? Correct Answer-
Flaccid paralysis, ascending weakness/paralysis, distal paresthesia,
areflexia.
What is the basic pathophysiology of Guillain-Barre Syndrome? Correct
Answer-Attack of peripheral myelin due to an infection such as a cold,
progressing from days to weeks.
What are the diagnostic tests for Guillain-Barre Syndrome? Correct
Answer-MRI of spine, LP, nerve conduction study, electromyography.
, What are the criteria for close monitoring of respiratory function in
Critical Illness Polyneuropathy? Correct Answer-Vital capacity
(<20ml/kg) and negative inspiratory force (> -30 cm h20).
What is the '20/30' rule used for in Critical Illness Polyneuropathy
management? Correct Answer-For intubation.
What are the treatment options for Parkinson Disease management?
Correct Answer-Carbadopa-Levadopa, Amantadine, Quetiapine,
clozapine, Pimavanserin, Deep brain stimulation.
What is the basic pathophysiology of Critical Illness Polyneuropathy
connected to? Correct Answer-Drug, nutritional, metabolic, and toxic
factors, long ICU stays, number of invasive procedures, hyperglycemia,
decreased albumin level, severity of multisystem organ failure.
What are the common presentations of Critical Illness Polyneuropathy?
Correct Answer-Muscle weakness, absence facial weakness, muscle
wasting, reduced muscle reflexes, difficulty weaning from ventilator,
sensory loss, impaired consciousness.
What is the basic pathophysiology of Parkinson Disease? Correct
Answer-Loss of dopaminergic neurons in subtantia nigra pars contracta
of basal ganglia.
