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NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM 2024/2025 FALL-SPRING QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS CHAMBERLAIN
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NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM 2024/2025 FALL-SPRING QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS CHAMBERLAIN

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  • October 29, 2024
  • 45
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • nr 507 advanced pathophysiology final exam 202420
  • nr 507 advanced pathophysiology
  • which of the following is true regarding a complic

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NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY




NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL
EXAM 2024/2025 FALL-SPRING QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS CHAMBERLAIN


Which of the following is true regarding a complicated urinary tract infection?

Can be caused by a structural urinary tract disorder




Which of the following is a risk factor for the development of a urinary tract infection (UTI)?

Pregnancy




A symptom of a lower urinary tract infection includes:

urgency




Women are at a higher risk for the development of a UTI because of having a shorter urethra.

true




Which of the following can help to prevent a UTI?

Increase water consumption

,NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY




Uncomplicated UTI

Occurs in the normal urinary tract

Responds well to short course of antibiotic therapy

Simple cystitis in non-pregnant women without any urologic abnormalities




Complicated UTI

UTI extends beyond the bladder

Caused by structural or functional urinary tract abnormalities or untreated UTI

Infants and older adults affected

Associated with: indwelling catheters, renal calculi, diabetes, pregnancy




A 25 year- old female presents to the primary care office with urinary burning and frequency for the last
3 days. She denies any fever, chills, back pain. Her gynecological history is negative and reports no
vaginal discharge. The only new information reported is that she recently had sexual intercourse with a
new male partner.

The NP obtains a urinalysis and determines that the urine contains leukocytes, RBCs, nitrites, and WBCs.
No casts are identified. Based on symptom presentation and UA results, the patient can be diagnosed
with:

cystitis




J.S. is an 80 -year-old patient who resides in a local nursing home. He recently became confused and
then fell while ambulating to the bathroom three days ago. Because of his confusion and fall, he was
transferred to the acute care facility for evaluation and treatment. Lab work revealed that the patient
was very dehydrated with hypernatremia identified and appropriate intravenous fluids started. Cystitis
was also identified from the urinalysis. He was also noted to have red and excoriated skin between the

,NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY


buttocks and inner thighs due to urinary frequency and dribbling. To help with skin healing and to
prevent further urine leakage, an indwelling catheter was inserted. Two days after the catheter was
placed, the patient spiked a fever of 102 degrees Fahrenheit associated with shaking chills. An intense,
foul odor was noted in the urine. On examination of the flank area, the patient yelled out when touched.
A urine culture was obtained and came back positive for nitrites and RBCs. Urine microscopy revealed
>100,000 WBC/hpf and casts.

Based on the information provided in the case, the patient can most likely be diagnosed with:

pyelonephritis




Identify the major risk factor J.S. has that is associated with pyelonephritis:

indwelling foley catheter




The urinalysis of a patient with a complicated UTI will show WBCs and casts

true




Upon examination of a urinalysis, the NP can highly suspect that the causative bacteria are gram
negative because of the presence of:

nitrites




A 21-year-old patient reports to the primary care clinic complaining of urinary urgency, frequency and
burning. She also reports a small amount of vaginal discharge that contains an odor. It is likely that the
NP will perform a vaginal exam at this visit.


true

, NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY




The NP would know that the patient most likely has an uncomplicated UTI because:

The UTI responds well to a short course of antibiotic therapy.




A common organism that causes a urinary tract infection include:

Staphylococcus saprophyticus.

E coli




The purpose of straining in BPH is to overcome the obstruction encountered during urination.

true




The peripheral zone of the prostate is the largest zone.

true




On a digital rectal exam to assess the quality of the prostate, the NP would be concerned with which of
the following findings?

hard nodule




There is a significant risk for men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) to develop cellular mutations
that lead to prostate cancer.

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