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Critical Care Exam 1 Study Guide Solutions
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Critical Care Exam 1 Study Guide Solutions P wave - ANSWER-Depolarization of the atria PR interval - ANSWER--Normal is 0.12 to 0.2 seconds - onset of atrial depolarization until onset of ventricular polarization QRS complex - ANSWER--Normal is 0.06 to 0.11 seconds -Ventricular depolarization ...

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  • October 30, 2024
  • 49
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • critical care exam 1 study guide solutions

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©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




Critical Care Exam 1 Study Guide

Solutions


P wave - ANSWER✔✔-Depolarization of the atria


PR interval - ANSWER✔✔--Normal is 0.12 to 0.2 seconds


- onset of atrial depolarization until onset of ventricular polarization


QRS complex - ANSWER✔✔--Normal is 0.06 to 0.11 seconds


-Ventricular depolarization


-systole


T wave - ANSWER✔✔--appears after QRS complex


- Ventricular repolarization


-Spiked T-wave occurs with hyperkalemia


U wave - ANSWER✔✔-- repolarization of the purkinje fibers


- seen in patients with hypokalemia

Page 1/49

, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




SA node - ANSWER✔✔-the pace-maker of the heart; where the impulse conduction of the heart usually

starts; located in the top of the right atrium just below superior vena cava




*sends impulses 60-100 BPM


Normal Sinus Rhythm - ANSWER✔✔-Rate is 60-100/ minute


Rhythm is regular


P wave present


PR interval: normal 0.12-0.20


QRS complex:normal


Interpretation: normal sinus rhythm




normal QRS: 0.06- 0.10


Sinus Bradycardia - ANSWER✔✔-Rate is <60/minute


Rhythm is regular


P wave present

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, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




PR interval: normal 0.12-0.20


QRS complex:normal


Interpretation: treat sinus brady with *0.5mg atropine ( if emergent)* , dopamine, epinephrine, pacer.




*normal in patients when sleeping or sleeping


-may occur with use of Beta blockers or calcium channel blockers, digoxin, morphine, vagal stimulation,

hypothermia, hypothroidism


Sinus Tachycardia - ANSWER✔✔-Rate is >100/min (usually below 160)


Rhythm is regular


P wave present


PR interval: normal 0.12-0.20


QRS complex:normal 0.6-0.10


Interpretation: correct the underlying cause, adminster beta blockers or calcium channel blockers.




*treat underlying cause.**

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, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




- may be a normal response from a fever, exercise, anxiety, pain, dehydration. May accompany shock,

LHF, hyperthyroidism, anemia, hypovolemia, PE, MI




-can be caused by caffiene, nicotine, amphetemines, atropine, cocaine.


Sinus Arrhythmia - ANSWER✔✔-Rate: increases on inspiration, decreases on expiration


Rhythm: *Always has irregular rhythm*


P waves?: yes


PR interval: normal


QRS: normal


Significance: usually a normal finding and usually is *not treated*


Premature Atrial Complexes - ANSWER✔✔-Rate: normal


Rhythm:abnormal


P waves?: Yes, has *EARLY* p waves


PR interval? WNL

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