MENTAL EXAM 1 UNRS 310
Mental health (what is it?) - Answer- A state of well-being
Able to realize his/her own potential
Cope with normal stress
Work productively
Make contribution to the community
Mental health provides people with the capacity for rational thinking, communicatio...
MENTAL EXAM 1 UNRS 310
Mental health (what is it?) - Answer- A state of well-being
Able to realize his/her own potential
Cope with normal stress
Work productively
Make contribution to the community
Mental health provides people with the capacity for rational thinking, communication
skills, learning, emotional growth, resilience, and self-esteem
Attributes of mental health - Answer- Rational thinking
Effective coping
Resiliency
Self-control
Self-awareness
Developmentally on task
Spiritual satisfaction
Happiness and joy
Self-care
Positive self-concept
Learning and productivity
Effective communication
Meaningful relationships
Healthy self-esteem
Mental illness - Answer- Refers to all mental disorders that have a definable
diagnoses.
These disorders are manifested in significant dysfunctions that may be related to
developmental, biological, or psychological disturbances in mental functioning.
*Thinking* may be impaired, *mood* may be affected, and *behavioral* alterations
may be apparent or the patient may display some combination of all three.
Diathesis-Stress Model - Answer- It is a theory
*It is the most accepted explanation for mental illness*
Diathesis--biological predisposition
Stress--environmental stress or trauma
Combination of genetic vulnerability and negative environmental stressors
,--> One person may develop major depression as a result of an inherited and
biological vulnerability that alters brain chemistry.
--> Another person with little vulnerability may develop depression as a result of a
stressful environment that causes changes in brain chemistry.
Assertion: Most psychiatric disorders result from a combination of genetic
vulnerability and negative environmental stressors
Distress vs. eustress - Answer- Distress - a negative, draining energy that results in
anxiety, depression, confusion, helplessness, hopelessness, and fatigue.
Eustress - a positive, beneficial energy that motivates and results in feelings of
happiness, hopefulness, and purposeful movement.
--> Having a baby, happy time but very draining
Fight or flight or freeze response - Answer- *Walter Cannon (1871-1945)* -
investigated the sympathetic nervous system as a pathway of the response to stress
known as fight (aggression) or flight (withdrawal).
- Body prepares for situation that individual perceives as threat to survival
-*New research also supports a freeze response which is common upon sexual
assault victims
--> Alarm or acute stress stage -
- Begins with the eyes or ears sending info. If the amygdala interprets it as
dangerous, it sounds the alarm to the hypothalamus which responds in two ways
- fight or flight response
--> Resistance or adaptation stage
- usually stressors are successfully overcome.
--> Exhaustion stage - attempts to resist the stressor are futile, resources are
depleted, stress may become chronic.
DSM-5 - Answer- *Two major classification systems used in the US: The DSM -5
and the ICD-10-CM*
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition.
--> Identifies disorders based on specific criteria (157 disorders).
--> Categorizing and diagnosing mental illness in the U.S.
Official medical guidelines of the American Psychiatric Association for diagnosing
psychiatric disorders
, ICD-10-CM - Answer- *Two major classification systems used in the US: The DSM -
5 and the ICD-10-CM*
The international standard of disease classification is the International Classification
of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10).
is a system used by physicians and other healthcare providers to classify and *code*
all diagnoses, symptoms and procedures recorded in conjunction with hospital care
in the United States.
Mental illness continuum - Answer- Mental health and mental illness can be
conceptualized as points along a continuum.
*On one end of the continuum is mental health.* Well-being is characterized by
adequate to *high-level functioning.* No serious impairments in daily functioning.
*At the opposite end of the continuum is mental illness.* Individuals may have
emotional problems or concerns and experience mild to moderated discomfort and
distress.
--> Mild impairment in functioning such as insomnia, lack of concentration, or loss of
appetite may be felt.
--> Mild depression, generalized anxiety disorder, and ADD.
--> Mental Illness - experience altered thinking, mood and behavior
Recovery - Answer- Looks different for different patients
Not a universal standard
Recovery is attained through partnerships between patients and health care
providers who focus on the patient's strengths.
Treatment goals are mutually developed based on the patient's personal needs and
values, and interventions are evidenced-based.
Resilience is essential to recovery
10 principles guiding recovery - Answer- Recovery emerges from hope: recovery
provides the essential motivating message of a better future
Recovery is person driven:self-determination and self-direction are the foundations
for recovery.
Recovery occurs through many pathways:individuals are unique with distinct needs,
strengths, preferences, goals, culture, and background (including past trauma) that
affect their pathways to recovery.
Recovery is nonlinear and may involve setbacks. Abstinence from the use of alcohol,
nonprescribed medications, and tobacco is essential. A supportive environment is
essential.
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