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NRSG 4472: Chapter 22 (Neurological Alterations) questions with correct answers
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NRSG 4472: Chapter 22 (Neurological Alterations) questions with correct answers
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NRSG 4472: Chapter 22 (Neurological Alterations)questions with correct answers
When performing a neurologic assessment, you note that when you
apply a pinch to the patient's trapezius muscle, the patient flexes the
upper arms and wrists rotate outward and the legs extend and rotate
inward. Plantar flexion is also present. Which term describes this
response?
a) Localization
b) Withdrawal
c) Decortication
d) Decerebration Correct Answer-c
When checking for pupillary response, you shine the flashlight into the
patient's eyes, and the pupils constrict. Which cranial nerve (CN) is
responsible for this reaction?
a) CN III
b) CN IV
c) CN V
d) CN VI Correct Answer-a
A patient exhibits Cheyne-Stokes respirations. In which area of the brain
would you expect to find a lesion responsible for this symptom?
a) Medulla
b) Midbrain
c) Pons
,d) Cerebrum Correct Answer-d
You suspect that your patient is experiencing vasospasm after a cerebral
aneurysm repair. Which diagnostic test would be most helpful in making
the diagnosis?
a) Computed tomography (CT)
b) Carotid duplex sonography
c) Transcranial Doppler study
d) Regional cerebral blood flow study Correct Answer-c
When monitoring intracranial pressure (ICP), what would indicate the
presence of decreased cerebral compliance?
a) P1 (percussion wave) greater than P2 (tidal wave)
b) P2 greater than P1
c) Absence of P3 (dicrotic wave)
d) You cannot determine cerebral compliance using the ICP waveform.
Correct Answer-b
On a normal intracranial pressure (ICP) waveform, P1 is greater in
amplitude than P2. P2 equal to or greater than P1 indicates decreased
compliance.
A patient does not respond to verbal stimuli, so the nurse applies painful
stimulus and notes the patient's reaction. The patient clenches his teeth,
and his arms are extended, adducted, and hyperpronated. The nurse
recognizes this activity is indicative of which finding?
,a) A positive Babinski sign
b) Decorticate posturing
c) Decerebrate posturing
d) Localization of pain Correct Answer-c
Decerebrate posturing or abnormal extension is evidenced by clenching
of the teeth with arms stiffly extended, adducted, and hyperpronated and
the legs stiffly extended with plantar flexion of the feet. A positive
Babinski sign is evidenced by sustained extensor response of the big toe.
Decorticate posturing or abnormal flexion is evidenced by abnormal
flexion of the arms, wrists, and fingers. Localization occurs when the
extremity opposite the extremity receiving pain crosses the midline of
the body in an attempt to remove the noxious stimulus from the affected
limb.
A patient has a suspected subarachnoid hemorrhage. Which examination
will supply the most information about this?
a) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
b) Computed tomography (CT)
c) Skull and spine radiography
d) Cerebral angiography Correct Answer-b
The nurse is assisting with a lumbar puncture and notes that the
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a smoky color. The nurse knows that this
finding is suggestive of which abnormality?
a) Infection
, b) Presence of red blood cells (RBCs)
c) Elevated protein count
d) Increased lumbar pressure Correct Answer-b
The nurse is admitting a patient with a head injury. Which parameters
will the nurse evaluate as part of the patient's neurologic assessment?
(Select all that apply.)
a) Level of consciousness
b) Respiratory function
c) Urinary output
d) Vital signs
e) Pupillary function Correct Answer-a,b,d,e
During assessment, the nurse notes that the patient has pinpoint pupils.
What could cause this finding? (Select all that apply.)
a) Bilateral damage to the pons
b) Atropine eye drops
c) Extreme stress
d) Opioid overdose
e) Lower brainstem compression Correct Answer-a,d,e
A patient is drowsy and requires increased stimulation to be awakened.
Which term would you use to describe this finding?
a) Lethargic
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