Veterinary Pharmacology-final exam
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Answers with 100% Accuracy | Latest
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true; can be given IM or SQ, but both will cause pain to the patient - ✔✔T or F: Diazepam (a
benzodiazepine e.g. Valium®) is an example of a drug that should be given IV since in other
routes it can cause tissue irritation and pain.
a. they often result in dramatic bradycardia and hypotension - ✔✔Xylazine HCL and
dexmetdetomidine are examples of drugs from the category alpha-2 agonists. Which of the
following is a characteristic of this category of drug?
a. they often result in dramatic bradycardia and hypotension
b. during emergence from sedation the patient often has tremors and head bobbing
c. they are strongly fat soluble drugs so the effect in an obese patient will take longer to occur
d. care must be given when dosing as there is no reversal agent
hypotension - ✔✔The most common side effect of a drug that are used to promote vasodilation
is ______________.
a. catecholamines are more commonly used for anaphylactic reactions - ✔✔The most
important difference between parasympatholytic drugs (e.g. atropine) and catecholamines (e.g.
epinephrine) as treatment for heart problems, is which of the following?
a. catecholamines are more commonly used for anaphylactic reactions
b. parasympatholytics are a first choice for resuscitation
c. parasympatholytics slow heart rate while catecholamines increase heart rate
d. parasympatholytics have a side effect of tachycardia while catecholamines have really no
side effects or precautions
a. Class I (lidocaine, procainamide) - ✔✔All of the following antiarrhythmic drugs are used to
slow the heart rate and make the contractions more effective with the exception of one class of
drug. Which class of drug is most commonly used to stop premature ventricular contractions
(often associated with bloat)?
a. Class I (lidocaine, procainamide)
b. Class III (bretylium)
c. none of the answers are used for premature ventricular contractions
d. Class II (beta blockers)
e. Class IV (calcium channel blockers)
, b. preventing blood clot formation in the vessels - ✔✔Antithombolic medications like aspirin
and heparin work by:
a. breaking up clots so that cannot lodge in blood vessels
b. preventing blood clot formation within blood vessels
c. flushing blood clots into the general circulation where they are more readily dissolved
d. causing the blood to clot more quickly when there is a wound
b. serum levels must routinely be monitored to check for toxicity - ✔✔Which of the following
relate to the cardiac glycoside (digoxin/digitalis)?
a. digoxin is used to speed up a slow heart rate
b. serum levels must routinely be monitored to check for toxicity
c. digoxin is the preferred drug over a calcium sensitizer due to the fact that it is so well
tolerated
d. digoxin is helpful for patients with heart murmurs
d. diazepam - ✔✔A small dog is brought in to a clinic with the complaint of having two seizures
in one day. The dog is also depressed and vomiting. The veterinarian is concerned that the dog
has been exposed to a toxin or poison. Which of the following anti-convulsant drugs would be
used at the veterinary clinic should the dog have another seizure (i.e. what would be used if the
dog is seizuring)?
a. phenobarbital
b. any of the answers would be correct as they all work to stop a seizure while it is occurring
c. clomipramine
d. diazepam
e. potassium bromide
they are the strongest analgesic medications - ✔✔Butorphanol, an opiod drug, is frequently
used with sedatives to decrease pain during diagnostic procedures. What is also true about
opiods as pain medications?
63 mL - ✔✔The veterinarian orders that 8% thiamylal sodium solution be prepared. On hand is
5 000 miligrams of thiamylal powder and sterile water. How much water must be added to the 5
milligrams of powder to make an 8% solution?
e. the fluids helped to loosen and liquefy the dried phlegm present - ✔✔A dehydrated dog with
a high temperature and a non-productive cough is admitted to the clinic where you work. The
veterinarian feels that the type of cough will change once the dog is rehydrated so IV fluids are
set up. Sure enough after 2 hours of IV fluids the dog's cough sounds moist and phlegm is
noted. The correct reason for this change is:
a. it is common for coughs to switch back and forth between productive and non-productive
b. the fluids added electrolytes to the system which caused water to enter the lung fields/airway
c. the muscle tone for coughing up the phlegm is now stronger
d. none of the answers are correct
e. the fluids helped to loosen and liquefy the dried phlegm present
review 2024: Verified Questions and
Answers with 100% Accuracy | Latest
Update
true; can be given IM or SQ, but both will cause pain to the patient - ✔✔T or F: Diazepam (a
benzodiazepine e.g. Valium®) is an example of a drug that should be given IV since in other
routes it can cause tissue irritation and pain.
a. they often result in dramatic bradycardia and hypotension - ✔✔Xylazine HCL and
dexmetdetomidine are examples of drugs from the category alpha-2 agonists. Which of the
following is a characteristic of this category of drug?
a. they often result in dramatic bradycardia and hypotension
b. during emergence from sedation the patient often has tremors and head bobbing
c. they are strongly fat soluble drugs so the effect in an obese patient will take longer to occur
d. care must be given when dosing as there is no reversal agent
hypotension - ✔✔The most common side effect of a drug that are used to promote vasodilation
is ______________.
a. catecholamines are more commonly used for anaphylactic reactions - ✔✔The most
important difference between parasympatholytic drugs (e.g. atropine) and catecholamines (e.g.
epinephrine) as treatment for heart problems, is which of the following?
a. catecholamines are more commonly used for anaphylactic reactions
b. parasympatholytics are a first choice for resuscitation
c. parasympatholytics slow heart rate while catecholamines increase heart rate
d. parasympatholytics have a side effect of tachycardia while catecholamines have really no
side effects or precautions
a. Class I (lidocaine, procainamide) - ✔✔All of the following antiarrhythmic drugs are used to
slow the heart rate and make the contractions more effective with the exception of one class of
drug. Which class of drug is most commonly used to stop premature ventricular contractions
(often associated with bloat)?
a. Class I (lidocaine, procainamide)
b. Class III (bretylium)
c. none of the answers are used for premature ventricular contractions
d. Class II (beta blockers)
e. Class IV (calcium channel blockers)
, b. preventing blood clot formation in the vessels - ✔✔Antithombolic medications like aspirin
and heparin work by:
a. breaking up clots so that cannot lodge in blood vessels
b. preventing blood clot formation within blood vessels
c. flushing blood clots into the general circulation where they are more readily dissolved
d. causing the blood to clot more quickly when there is a wound
b. serum levels must routinely be monitored to check for toxicity - ✔✔Which of the following
relate to the cardiac glycoside (digoxin/digitalis)?
a. digoxin is used to speed up a slow heart rate
b. serum levels must routinely be monitored to check for toxicity
c. digoxin is the preferred drug over a calcium sensitizer due to the fact that it is so well
tolerated
d. digoxin is helpful for patients with heart murmurs
d. diazepam - ✔✔A small dog is brought in to a clinic with the complaint of having two seizures
in one day. The dog is also depressed and vomiting. The veterinarian is concerned that the dog
has been exposed to a toxin or poison. Which of the following anti-convulsant drugs would be
used at the veterinary clinic should the dog have another seizure (i.e. what would be used if the
dog is seizuring)?
a. phenobarbital
b. any of the answers would be correct as they all work to stop a seizure while it is occurring
c. clomipramine
d. diazepam
e. potassium bromide
they are the strongest analgesic medications - ✔✔Butorphanol, an opiod drug, is frequently
used with sedatives to decrease pain during diagnostic procedures. What is also true about
opiods as pain medications?
63 mL - ✔✔The veterinarian orders that 8% thiamylal sodium solution be prepared. On hand is
5 000 miligrams of thiamylal powder and sterile water. How much water must be added to the 5
milligrams of powder to make an 8% solution?
e. the fluids helped to loosen and liquefy the dried phlegm present - ✔✔A dehydrated dog with
a high temperature and a non-productive cough is admitted to the clinic where you work. The
veterinarian feels that the type of cough will change once the dog is rehydrated so IV fluids are
set up. Sure enough after 2 hours of IV fluids the dog's cough sounds moist and phlegm is
noted. The correct reason for this change is:
a. it is common for coughs to switch back and forth between productive and non-productive
b. the fluids added electrolytes to the system which caused water to enter the lung fields/airway
c. the muscle tone for coughing up the phlegm is now stronger
d. none of the answers are correct
e. the fluids helped to loosen and liquefy the dried phlegm present
