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Marine Bio Exam 1 Study Guide questions with correct answers.
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Marine Bio Exam 1 Study Guide questions with correct answers.
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Marine Bio Exam 1 Study Guide questions withcorrect answers
Aristotle Correct Answer--greek philosopher
-considered by many to be the first marine biologist
-recognized that gills are the breathing apparatus of fish
Captain James Cook (and his voyages) Correct Answer--english sea
captain
-one of the first to make observations while sailing and include full time
naturalist
-series of 3 voyages, beginning 1768, he explored ALL oceans
-First to see Antarctic ice fields, land in Hawaii, New Zealand, Tahiti,
and several other Pacific islands
-first to use a chronometer to determine longitude and make reliable
charts
-killed in 1779 in a fight with Hawaiians
-The Endeavor was his boat in which he found Australia
Charles Darwin- Voyage of the Beagle Correct Answer--HMS beagle
for 5 years
-determined how atolls form
-obsessed with barnacles
-theory of evolution by natural selection
,Charles Wilkes- the Wilkes Expedition Correct Answer-1838-1842
- first important exploratory voyage in the US
-mostly about projecting American influences rather than science
-only 2 ships made it home, Captain Wilkes was cruel
-charted 2400 km of the coast of Antarctica and confirmed it as a
continent
-coast of pacific NW north america
-280 islands in the South Pacific
-brought back 10,000 biological specimens- 2000 previously unknown
species
-first international survey sponsored by US government; laid foundation
for government funding of scientific research
Charles Wyville Thompson and the Challenger Expedition Correct
Answer-1872
-British
-first major oceanographic expedition for science
-led by Charles Wyville
-3.5 years, sailed around entire world
-collected data systematically
-brought thousands of unknown species back
-took 19 years to publish 50 thick volumes of findings
-more info about the ocean than recorded in all of human history
previously
, Sylvia Earl (Tektite II Mission) Correct Answer--all female crew
-led by Sylvia Earl
-They documented 154 species of marine plants, including 26 species
not yet discovered in the Virgin Islands
Why is it important to study marine biology? Correct Answer--as
studying the state of oceans becomes more crucial to the study of
climate change, changing biodiversity, human impact and more.
-impact medical advances, the knowledge on the star of life, can be
easily applied to terrestrial beings
How was marine biology important to early humans? Correct Answer--
seafood was crucial to early humans
-led to the development of tools, stone blades were established from
165,000 years ago
-piles of Stone Age clambakes
-used to develop bone and shell harpoons and fishhooks
-along with the earliest known jewelry--shell beads
-ancient Pacific Islanders had a broad and deep knowledge of the sea
and its organisms which allowed them to navigate vast distances
What was happening in marine biology in the Dark Ages? The
Renaissance? Correct Answer--all scientific inquiry came to a halt (5th
to 15th centuries)
-knowledge of ancient Greeks lost
-vikings continued exploring North Atlantic 9th-10th centuries
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