Exam (elaborations)

Criminology || All Questions Answered Correctly.

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Criminology

Institution
Criminology

Utilitarianism (Beccaria) correct answers - theory that one is motivated by pleasure and the fear of pain so punishments can be used as a deterrent to crime. - Punishment should increase the overall amount of happiness in the world and create a better society - belief that the government should ...

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utilitarianism beccaria

Institution Criminology
Course Criminology

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Criminology || All Questions Answered Correctly.
Utilitarianism (Beccaria) correct answers - theory that one is motivated by pleasure and the fear
of pain so punishments can be used as a deterrent to crime.
- Punishment should increase the overall amount of happiness in the world and create a better
society
- belief that the government should only legislate in ways that provide the greatest public good

Positivist Criminology correct answers - The study of criminal behavior based upon external
factors
- Criminals are born

Criminology correct answers is the study of crime from four different perspectives. These
include legal, political, sociological, and psychological.

Positivists correct answers believed that the punishment should fit the criminal not the crime

Feminist Criminology correct answers - A developing intellectual approach that emphasizes
gender issues in criminology.
- the study of women and crime

Criminalistics correct answers The study of crime detection

Cesare Lombroso correct answers - leader of the positivist theory
- He believed that criminals were born, not made, and that crime was a matter of nature, not
nurture

Social-structural criminology correct answers studies how criminal behavior is affected by
structures and/or social situations. The idea behind this theory is that crime is a product of the
deficiencies in social structure.

Social-process criminology correct answers is the theory that explores how certain individuals
become criminals. This theory also takes a look at criminal behavior as a learned behavior; for
example, a younger brother learning how to shoplift from an older sibling, or younger gang
members learning criminal behavior from seasoned gang members.

3 types of crime correct answers Felonies, misdemeanors and violations/infractions

Felonies correct answers - Most serious crimes
- punishable by one year or more imprisonment or even death
Felony crime includes personal crimes, such as murder, robbery, rape, arson, kidnapping, drug
possession, burglary, and aggravated assault.

Misdemeanor correct answers - less serious crimes
- punishable by less than one year imprisonment

,Examples of misdemeanors include simple assault, simple battery, petty shoplifting, disturbing
the peace or writing bad checks

Violations/ offenses/ infractions correct answers less serious than misdemeanors and include
traffic violations or violations of town or city ordinances
Examples: public intoxication, disorderly conduct, traffic violations, littering, jaywalking

Personal Crimes correct answers - crime against a person
This category of crime includes:
- Murder
- Forcible rape
- Robbery
- Aggravated assault
- Terrorism

Property crime correct answers which are not directed specifically at individual people but aimed
at property
- Burglary
- Larceny-theft
- Motor vehicle theft
- Arson

Different paradigms of criminology correct answers •Rational choice theory
•Biological theories
•Psychological theories
•Social learning theories
•Control theory
•Structural theories
•Conflict or critical theories

4 levels of analysis to explain crime correct answers •The individual (a gang member)
•The organization (a gang)
•The institution (a school)
•The society (neoliberal capitalism)

Brady v. Maryland (1963) correct answers requires prosecutors to turn over evidence

Roper v. Simmons (2005) correct answers -bans death penalty for juveniles

Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) correct answers requires the government to provide counsel to the
indigent

PC 187 correct answers is the statute outlawing murder

Criminal law requires that a criminal act have two aspects correct answers -Actus reus (a 'bad
act')

,-Mens rea (a 'guilty mind' or intent)

Exceptions for criminal law correct answers 'strict liability' behaviors
-Ignorance of the law is no excuse
-Statutory rape

strict libaility correct answers actions that are considered to be criminal regardless of the person's
intentions.
Examples
- statutory rape
- selling alcohol to minors
- traffic offenses

Slavery was legal until correct answers 1863

Rape-of-wife was not a crime in the correct answers 19th century

Coca-cola was made with cocaine until correct answers 1904

Sodomy laws valid until correct answers 2003

Crime rates exploded in ____ and continued to rise through the ____ correct answers 70s; 80s

Crime decline since correct answers 1992

Approximate number of people under correctional supervision correct answers 7 million
- 2% of the population is under the control of the state

Harsh punishment is a burden on the state because of correct answers -Collateral effects:
•Kids
•Disenfranchisement
•Work
-The 'migratory pattern' between prison and the hood

What do we measure crime with? correct answers UCR index and NCVS

The Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) Index includes: correct answers -Murder
-Rape
-Robbery (taking property through violence)
-Assault
-Burglary (breaking and entering)
-Larceny (taking someone's property)
-Auto theft
-Arson

, C. Incapacitation correct answers Steph's daughter is murdered by a vicious member of the
Raptors (a Toronto gang) named Kawhi. Kawhi brutally shot Steph's daughter during a robbery
of a liquor store. Fortunately, Kawhi is caught by the police and brought to trial and charged with
capital murder. During the sentencing phase of the trial, Steph testifies to the following about
why he wants Kawhi executed: "This person is too dangerous to keep alive. If he is allowed to
live, he might attack another inmate or even a guard. In the name of safety, I demand that the
state execute him." According to lecture, which theory of punishment is Steph invoking?
A. Deterrence
B. Retribution
C. Incapacitation
D. Rehabilitation

D. Because religious and other social institutions promote hegemonic ideologies of individualism
and hard work that ultimately protect power relations. correct answers Enrique is an
undocumented immigrant from El Salvador living in San Diego. Enrique is trained and has
experience as a plumber in San Salvador but is not able to obtain work in his profession in San
Diego. Enrique is an ardent Catholic with a strong work ethic, and came to San Diego to pursue
better pay for plumbing work than is possible at home in El Salvador. After one year of
unemployment, Enrique starts looking for day labor among other day laborers at the Home
Depot in Lemon Grove. While standing under the shade of a tree in the parking lot, Enrique is
approached by an organizer from the American Communist Party named Karl. Karl argues to
Enrique that the power dynamics in the USA inherently prevent Enrique from ever achieving
even minimal success. Karl goes on to try to recruit Enrique to join the cause of American
Communists to form a revolution and overthrow the dominant capitalist system and replace it
with a more equitable communist workers' utopia. After listening politely, Enrique chuckles and
tells Karl to move along—he isn't interested. According to lecture, why does Enrique reject Karl?
A. Because Salvadorians are suspicious of strangers.
B. Because Home Depot is not a good location for talking politics.
C. Because Enrique is afraid that Karl might be an undercover US government agent.
D. Because religious and other social institutions promote hegemonic ideologies of individualism
and hard work that ultimately protect power relations.

B. No, because they always eventually run into somebody more badass, or eventually run into
the ultimate badass, the state correct answers According to lecture, can people maintain the
badass identity?
A. Yes, because they become addicted to power.
B. No, because they always eventually run into somebody more badass, or eventually run into
the ultimate badass, the state
C. No because badasses always 'age out' and give up the identity.
D. Yes, because once they have internalized the badass identity by marking themselves with
icons such as facial tattoos, they become permanent badasses.

A. A computer engineer at Intel learns of a secret new technology that will dramatically improve
microchip performance that Intel plans to unveil in six months. This engineer tells a stockbroker
friend about this situation, who in turn advises his customers to buy Intel stock immediately,

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