Answers 2024/2025
6 parts of a transactional communication model - ANSWERSsender, message, receiver, channel,
feedback, noise, cultural frame
5 cannons of rhetoric - ANSWERSinvention, arrangement, style, memory, delivery
communication apprehension - ANSWERSthe fear or anxiety associated with real or anticipated
communication with another or others
types of anxiety - ANSWERSPublic Speaking Anxiety, Process Anxiety, and Performance Anxiety
Public Speaking Anxiety (PSA) - ANSWERSCommon feelings of dread people experience at the thought of
performing a speech in front of an audience
What are the two types of PSA? - ANSWERSProcess Anxiety and Performance Anxiety
process anxiety - ANSWERSfear due to lack of confidence in knowing how to prepare a speech
performance anxiety - ANSWERSfear of forgetting or of poorly presenting a speech
extemporaneous delivery - ANSWERSpreparing a speech carefully in advance but choosing the exact
wording during the speech itself
fight or flight - ANSWERSa reaction caused by adrenaline that prepares one to either fight the stressor or
take flight and escape.
Habituation - ANSWERSlessening anxiety successfully repeating an experience over time
, cognitive modification - ANSWERSidentifying negative thoughts and replacing them with positive ones
Ways to reduce anxiety - ANSWERSdeep breathing, physical activity, practice, visualization
Dialogical listening - ANSWERSseeking to improve upon empathetic and active listening by focusing on
the actual communication and seeking of true understanding.
listening barriers - ANSWERSLinguistic Barriers
Cultural Barriers
Personal Barriers
Topic novelty - ANSWERSAccess audiences need to know
Consider personal interests
Topics from other courses
Investigate current events
mind mapping - ANSWERSa technique that uses branches radiating out from a core idea to structure
thoughts and ideas
general purposes - ANSWERSfour general purposes are to inform, to persuade, to entertain, or to
commemorate
specific purpose - ANSWERSa single phrase that defines precisely what is to be accomplished in a speech
Affective, behavioral, and cognitive - ANSWERSthree effects that the speaker wants the audience
affective effects - ANSWERSinfluences on listeners' feelings
cognitive effects - ANSWERSinfluences on beliefs, understandings, and other mental processes