ESCI 1006 Final Exam
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
the age of the Earth is:
a. 4.56 million years
b. 3.5 billion years
c. 4.56 billion years
d. 14 billion years - ANS c. 4.56 billion years
your semester at sea take an unexpected turn when the
ship's captain decides to teach you a lesson by throwing
all the navigation equipment overboard. Thankfully, your
mom purchased you a nice chronometer wristwatch when
you graduated high school in Greenwich, England. Always
wanting to know when it's a good time to call mum, one of
your many dials says that it is 3:30 pm back in Greenwich
while it is exactly 12:00 pm on the boat. You therefore are
able to tell the captain your longitude is:
a. 37.5 W
b. 45.5 E
c. 52.5 W
d. 60.5 E - ANS c. 52.5 W
, the diagram immediately below illustrates ________, an
energy source common to many stars:
a. accretion
b. condensation
c. fusion
d. fission
e. isotope molecular resorption - ANS c. fusion
the use of dispersants as a strategy to lessen or mitigate
oil spills in the marine environment is being questioned, as
noted in class, owing to research that shows that it lightly
affects:
a. the migration patterns of shorebirds
b. the DNA of whales impacted by this
c. the productivity of crustaceans living on the seafloor
d. the air quality in coastal communities - ANS b. the DNA
of whales impacted by this
discoveries in ocean exploration, especially over the last
century, have resulted largely from:
a. increased awareness in the size and extent of the world
oceans
b. the availability of "enabling technologies"
c. global climate change
d. nutrient and mineral possessing foods (especially fish) -
ANS b. the availability of "enabling technologies"
looking at the "ocean surface temperatures" portion of the
above graph, what might be a reasonable explanation for
the for the relatively modest temperatures range in the
,southern hemisphere from febuary (summer) to august
(winter)?:
a. the cloud cover in the southern hemisphere limits
heating and cooling effects
b. the effectiveness of water to buffer (maintain)
temperature owing to its high head capacity
c. the well-known abundance of salty ocean currents in
that area of the world
d. destruction of the ozone layer - ANS b. the
effectiveness of water to buffer (maintain) temperature
owing to its high head capacity
the speed of sound through seawater is about 1,500
meters per second. If it takes 6.66 seconds for an image
of the bottom to appear on a monitor back on-board the
ship, about how deep is the seafloor?
a. 300 m
b. 5000 m
c. 1000 m
d. 4000 m - ANS b. 5000 m
what created Earth's moon?:
a. the expulsion of largely rocky crust and mantle from
Earth after a collision with a planetary body, perhaps the
size of Mars, which them recombined to orbit the Earth
b. the initial Big Bang expansion event
c. "gravitational trapping" of a large asteroid just 30 million
years after Earth formation
d. the collision between two older moons, which once
occupied the same Earth orbit - ANS a. the expulsion of
largely rocky crust and mantle from Earth after a collision
, with a planetary body, perhaps the size of Mars, which
them recombined to orbit the Earth
The process by which Earth's composition became
stratified by density required substantial amounts of heat
that were likely generated from:
a. compression/gravity
b. kinetic energy due to collisions
c. radioactive decay
d. all of the above
e. choices "b" and "c" only - ANS d. all of the above
in class we used the figure above to emphasize that three
different atmospheres existed during the past (~4.4 billion
years) of Earth history. What explains the dramatic
decrease in CO2 starting at about 4.3 billion years?
a. oxygen was outgassed as the Earth began to cool,
which caused CO2 to escape from the earth completely,
owing to similar escape velocities for CO2 and O2
b. rain became very acidic and the dissolution of minerals
on the Earth's surface consumed CO2
c. the Earth cooled to a point necessary for formation of a
liquid ocean, which then could trap CO2 from the
atmosphere
d. solar radiation began to increase ~4.4 billion years ago,
which resulted in the conversion of atmosphere carbon
dioxide into oxygen and graphite - ANS c. the Earth
cooled to a point necessary for formation of a liquid ocean,
which then could trap CO2 from the atmosphere
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
the age of the Earth is:
a. 4.56 million years
b. 3.5 billion years
c. 4.56 billion years
d. 14 billion years - ANS c. 4.56 billion years
your semester at sea take an unexpected turn when the
ship's captain decides to teach you a lesson by throwing
all the navigation equipment overboard. Thankfully, your
mom purchased you a nice chronometer wristwatch when
you graduated high school in Greenwich, England. Always
wanting to know when it's a good time to call mum, one of
your many dials says that it is 3:30 pm back in Greenwich
while it is exactly 12:00 pm on the boat. You therefore are
able to tell the captain your longitude is:
a. 37.5 W
b. 45.5 E
c. 52.5 W
d. 60.5 E - ANS c. 52.5 W
, the diagram immediately below illustrates ________, an
energy source common to many stars:
a. accretion
b. condensation
c. fusion
d. fission
e. isotope molecular resorption - ANS c. fusion
the use of dispersants as a strategy to lessen or mitigate
oil spills in the marine environment is being questioned, as
noted in class, owing to research that shows that it lightly
affects:
a. the migration patterns of shorebirds
b. the DNA of whales impacted by this
c. the productivity of crustaceans living on the seafloor
d. the air quality in coastal communities - ANS b. the DNA
of whales impacted by this
discoveries in ocean exploration, especially over the last
century, have resulted largely from:
a. increased awareness in the size and extent of the world
oceans
b. the availability of "enabling technologies"
c. global climate change
d. nutrient and mineral possessing foods (especially fish) -
ANS b. the availability of "enabling technologies"
looking at the "ocean surface temperatures" portion of the
above graph, what might be a reasonable explanation for
the for the relatively modest temperatures range in the
,southern hemisphere from febuary (summer) to august
(winter)?:
a. the cloud cover in the southern hemisphere limits
heating and cooling effects
b. the effectiveness of water to buffer (maintain)
temperature owing to its high head capacity
c. the well-known abundance of salty ocean currents in
that area of the world
d. destruction of the ozone layer - ANS b. the
effectiveness of water to buffer (maintain) temperature
owing to its high head capacity
the speed of sound through seawater is about 1,500
meters per second. If it takes 6.66 seconds for an image
of the bottom to appear on a monitor back on-board the
ship, about how deep is the seafloor?
a. 300 m
b. 5000 m
c. 1000 m
d. 4000 m - ANS b. 5000 m
what created Earth's moon?:
a. the expulsion of largely rocky crust and mantle from
Earth after a collision with a planetary body, perhaps the
size of Mars, which them recombined to orbit the Earth
b. the initial Big Bang expansion event
c. "gravitational trapping" of a large asteroid just 30 million
years after Earth formation
d. the collision between two older moons, which once
occupied the same Earth orbit - ANS a. the expulsion of
largely rocky crust and mantle from Earth after a collision
, with a planetary body, perhaps the size of Mars, which
them recombined to orbit the Earth
The process by which Earth's composition became
stratified by density required substantial amounts of heat
that were likely generated from:
a. compression/gravity
b. kinetic energy due to collisions
c. radioactive decay
d. all of the above
e. choices "b" and "c" only - ANS d. all of the above
in class we used the figure above to emphasize that three
different atmospheres existed during the past (~4.4 billion
years) of Earth history. What explains the dramatic
decrease in CO2 starting at about 4.3 billion years?
a. oxygen was outgassed as the Earth began to cool,
which caused CO2 to escape from the earth completely,
owing to similar escape velocities for CO2 and O2
b. rain became very acidic and the dissolution of minerals
on the Earth's surface consumed CO2
c. the Earth cooled to a point necessary for formation of a
liquid ocean, which then could trap CO2 from the
atmosphere
d. solar radiation began to increase ~4.4 billion years ago,
which resulted in the conversion of atmosphere carbon
dioxide into oxygen and graphite - ANS c. the Earth
cooled to a point necessary for formation of a liquid ocean,
which then could trap CO2 from the atmosphere
