Psychology 201 MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE questions
with correct answers
What are the goals of Psychology? (CH 1) Correct Answer-To describe,
explain, predict and influence behavior
What is structuralism? (CH 1 ) Correct Answer-An early school of
psychology that focused on breaking mental activity down into its most
basic elements. Associated with Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Tischener.
What is Psychoanalysis? (CH 1) Correct Answer-An early school of
psychology that focused on how our unconscious sexual and aggressive
feelings affect our actions and relationships. Associated with Sigmund
Freud.
What is Behaviorism? (CH 1) Correct Answer-An early school of
psychology that focused on observable behavior rather than emotions or
consciousness. Associated with Ivan Pavlov, John Watson and BF
Skinner.
What are the steps to the scientific method? (CH 1) Correct Answer--
developing a question
-creating a hypothesis
-collecting/analyzing data
-reporting results
,What is the difference between a theory and a hypothesis? (CH 1)
Correct Answer-A hypothesis is a specific prediction (educated guess)
and a theory attempts to integrate and summarize a number of findings.
What are descriptive research methods? (CH 1) Correct Answer-
Descriptive methods try to answer the "who, what, where, when, and
how" of psychological topics.
What are advantages of naturalistic research? (CH 1) Correct Answer-
This type of study captures behavior in the natural environment and can
be used to study behaviors that would be unethical to expose people to
intentionally.
What is a case study? (CH 1) Correct Answer-A case study is an in-
depth collection of different types of information about a single person
or a small group of people. Usually used with rare conditions.
What are the advantages of a survey? (CH 1) Correct Answer-Surveys
are helpful in collecting a large amount of data relatively easily.
What is meta-analysis? (CH 1) Correct Answer-A statistical technique
that combines and analyzes results from many different studies on one
topic.
What is correlation? (CH 1) Correct Answer-A statistical method to
determine how strongly two variables are related to each other. Just
, because two things are correlated does not prove that one causes the
other.
What is the experimental method? (CH 1) Correct Answer-A research
design model that is used to test for cause and effect relationships. One
variable is manipulated to see if it causes change in another variable.
What is the independent variable? (CH 1) Correct Answer-The variable
that the researcher changes, manipulates or controls.
MIX --> Manipulated, Independent, X-axis
What is the dependent variable? (CH 1) Correct Answer-The variable
that the researcher measures for change or outcome.
DRY--> Dependent, Responding, Y-axis
What is the control group? (CH 1) Correct Answer-The control group is
the group of research participants do not receive the independent
variable. They are exposed to every aspect of the study except the
treatment variable, to see if the change is really caused by the
independent variable.
What are extraneous variables? (CH 1) Correct Answer-Unwanted or
uncontrolled variables that can influence the outcome of the study.
What is Autism Spectrum Disorder? (CH 1) Correct Answer-A
developmental disorder that usually involves impairment in language
and social skills, and a tendency toward repetitive behaviors.
with correct answers
What are the goals of Psychology? (CH 1) Correct Answer-To describe,
explain, predict and influence behavior
What is structuralism? (CH 1 ) Correct Answer-An early school of
psychology that focused on breaking mental activity down into its most
basic elements. Associated with Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Tischener.
What is Psychoanalysis? (CH 1) Correct Answer-An early school of
psychology that focused on how our unconscious sexual and aggressive
feelings affect our actions and relationships. Associated with Sigmund
Freud.
What is Behaviorism? (CH 1) Correct Answer-An early school of
psychology that focused on observable behavior rather than emotions or
consciousness. Associated with Ivan Pavlov, John Watson and BF
Skinner.
What are the steps to the scientific method? (CH 1) Correct Answer--
developing a question
-creating a hypothesis
-collecting/analyzing data
-reporting results
,What is the difference between a theory and a hypothesis? (CH 1)
Correct Answer-A hypothesis is a specific prediction (educated guess)
and a theory attempts to integrate and summarize a number of findings.
What are descriptive research methods? (CH 1) Correct Answer-
Descriptive methods try to answer the "who, what, where, when, and
how" of psychological topics.
What are advantages of naturalistic research? (CH 1) Correct Answer-
This type of study captures behavior in the natural environment and can
be used to study behaviors that would be unethical to expose people to
intentionally.
What is a case study? (CH 1) Correct Answer-A case study is an in-
depth collection of different types of information about a single person
or a small group of people. Usually used with rare conditions.
What are the advantages of a survey? (CH 1) Correct Answer-Surveys
are helpful in collecting a large amount of data relatively easily.
What is meta-analysis? (CH 1) Correct Answer-A statistical technique
that combines and analyzes results from many different studies on one
topic.
What is correlation? (CH 1) Correct Answer-A statistical method to
determine how strongly two variables are related to each other. Just
, because two things are correlated does not prove that one causes the
other.
What is the experimental method? (CH 1) Correct Answer-A research
design model that is used to test for cause and effect relationships. One
variable is manipulated to see if it causes change in another variable.
What is the independent variable? (CH 1) Correct Answer-The variable
that the researcher changes, manipulates or controls.
MIX --> Manipulated, Independent, X-axis
What is the dependent variable? (CH 1) Correct Answer-The variable
that the researcher measures for change or outcome.
DRY--> Dependent, Responding, Y-axis
What is the control group? (CH 1) Correct Answer-The control group is
the group of research participants do not receive the independent
variable. They are exposed to every aspect of the study except the
treatment variable, to see if the change is really caused by the
independent variable.
What are extraneous variables? (CH 1) Correct Answer-Unwanted or
uncontrolled variables that can influence the outcome of the study.
What is Autism Spectrum Disorder? (CH 1) Correct Answer-A
developmental disorder that usually involves impairment in language
and social skills, and a tendency toward repetitive behaviors.
