MIDWIFERY
Lie - Answer- the relationship of the long axis of the fetus to the long axis of the uterus
Attitude - Answer- The relationship of the fetal head and limbs to the fetal trunk.
Presentation - Answer- The part of the fetus which lies in the lower segment of the uterus.
Denominat...
MIDWIFERY
Lie - Answer- the relationship of the long axis of the fetus to the long axis of the
uterus
Attitude - Answer- The relationship of the fetal head and limbs to the fetal trunk.
Presentation - Answer- The part of the fetus which lies in the lower segment of the
uterus.
Denominator - Answer- A fixed point on the presenting part used to describe
position.
Position - Answer- The relationship of a denominator to the quadrants of the
maternal pelvis eg. left occipto anterior (LOA)
Engagement - Answer- The largest diameter of the presenting part has passed
through the pelvic brim. Pelvic brim widest from side to side. At the level of the
ischial spines 0 = engagement.
Station - Answer- refers to the level of presenting part in relation to the maternal
ischial spines, whihc represent the narrowest diameter through which the fetus must
pass, +stations indicates that the presenting part of the fetus has descended past
the ischial spines.
Mechanisms of labour - Answer- Passive movements of the fetus as it passes
through the birth canal, adapting to the shape of the maternal pelvis.
Normal labour - Answer- A process by which the fetus, placenta and membranes are
expelled through the birth canal. normal labour begins spontaneously without
intervention, with the fetus presenting by the vertex-duration 4-24hours.
Pre term labour - Answer- onset of labour before 37weeks of pregnancy.
Antenatal period - Answer- time of conception until the onset of labour.
Post Partum/Puerperium - Answer- the period taken for the reproductive organs to
return to their pregravid state which is usually six weeks following childbirth
Gravid - Answer- pregnant
Para - Answer- this term is used to describe a woman who has produced one or
more living children
Parous - Answer- a woman who has borne one or more viable offspring
Primigravida - Answer- a woman pregnant for the first time
, Multigravida - Answer- a pregnant woman who has had previously more than one
pregnancy.
Grande Multigravida - Answer- a woman in her fourth or subsequent pregnancy but
who has not necessarily borne live children in previous pregnancies.
Primipara - Answer- a woman who has give birth to a viable infant, living or stillborn.
Nullipara - Answer- a woman who has never given birth to a viable child but may
have been pregnant.
Multipara - Answer- a woman who has borne more than one viable infant
Grand multipara - Answer- a woman of high parity usually one who has borne 4 or
more children
Maternal morbidity - Answer- illness or injury from the time of conception until the
end of the puerperium and attributed to childbirth.
Maternal mortality - Answer- death from the time of cenception until the time
completion of the puerperium and attributed to childbirth.
Viable - Answer- capable of independent life
neonatal period - Answer- pertains to the first four weeks after birth
upper uterine segment - Answer- the upper part of the uterus in pregnancy
developed from the body.
lower uterine segment - Answer- lower part of the uterus in pregnancy developed
from the isthmus and cervix
braxton hicks contractions - Answer- contractions in the uterus during pregnancy
which are painless.
retraction - Answer- the process of permanent and pregressive shortening of the
muscles of the uterus which accompanies contractions during labour- to dilate the
cervix, to expel the fetus and to expel the uterus, membranes and to control
bleeding.
Physiological retraction ring - Answer- the line of demarcation which develops at the
junction of the upper and lower uterine segment in normal labour
polarity - Answer- co-ordination between the upper and lower uterine segments
during normal labour
fabourable/ripe cervix - Answer- the cervix is soft and is considered favourable for
labour
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