A client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis is experiencing profound weakness, blurry vision, and shooting pains in both legs. Which medication is considered the best course of treatment for the nurse to administer? - ANS a. High dose methylprednisolone intravenously.
b. Baclofen three time...
HESI Pharmacology Practice Exam
Questions And Answers
A client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis is experiencing profound weakness, blurry vision, and
shooting pains in both legs. Which medication is considered the best course of treatment for the
nurse to administer? - ANS a. High dose methylprednisolone intravenously.
b. Baclofen three times a day.
c. Broad spectrum antibiotic coverage orally.
d. Immunomodulatory drug therapy periodically.
a
Rationale
Multiple sclerosis (MS) relapses are caused by inflammation in the central nervous system that
damages the myelin coating around nerve fibers. The client is experiencing an acute
exacerbation of MS, which is best managed with high-dose steroids, such as
methylprednisolone.
The nurse receives a unit of blood from the blood bank for a postoperative client who is
currently in the X-ray department. Which action should the nurse implement? - ANS a.
Return the blood to the blood bank for refrigeration within 30 minutes.
b. Hang the blood transfusion as soon as the client returns to the unit.
c. Store the blood bag in the nursing unit's refrigerator until the client returns.
d. Take the unit of blood to the X-ray department to initiate the transfusion.
a
Rationale
A blood transfusion should be hung for administration within 30 minutes of its arrival from the
blood bank. If it is not going to be used within that time frame, it must be returned to the blood
bank for refrigeration. Waiting until the client returns to the unit is unpredictable, and the delay to
hang the blood within 30 minutes can contribute to contamination and infection.
Based on the blood culture and sensitivity results, the healthcare provider prescribes an IV
aminoglycoside antibiotic and discontinues the current prescription for another broad-spectrum
antibiotic. The medication administration record indicates that the client received the
broad-spectrum antibiotic two hours ago. Which action should the nurse implement? - ANS
a. Obtain peak and trough serum levels so the aminoglycoside antibiotic can be initiated.
b. Administer the initial dose of the aminoglycoside antibiotic as soon as possible.
c. Withhold antibiotic administration until the healthcare provider clarifies the prescriptions.
, d. Schedule the initial dose of the aminoglycoside antibiotic for the following day.
b
Rationale
Based on the blood culture and sensitivity results, the prescribed aminoglycoside antibiotic is
the most effective in treating the client's infection, so it should be administered as soon as
possible.
A client receives a prescription for sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim for a urinary tract infection
(UTI). Which instruction should the nurse provide the client? - ANS a. Ingest food prior to
taking the antibiotic.
b. Drink at least 8 glasses of water a day.
c. Take the medication with grapefruit juice.
d. Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight.
b
Rationale
To decrease the risk of renal damage due to crystalluria associated with sulfamethoxazole, the
client should be instructed to consume at least 8 glasses of water a day. To increase absorption,
sulfamethoxazole should be given on an empty stomach.
A client at 30 weeks gestation is in preterm labor. The healthcare provider prescribes two 12-mg
doses of betamethasone intramuscularly every 12 hours. The client asks the nurse why she is
receiving betamethasone. Which information should the nurse use to explain the action of the
medication? - ANS a. Suppresses uterine contractions.
b. Stimulates fetal surfactant production.
c. Reduces maternal and fetal tachycardia associated with terbutaline administration.
d. Maintains adequate maternal respiratory effort and ventilation with magnesium administration.
b
Rationale
Antenatal glucocorticoids, such as betamethasone, are given IM to the mother to stimulate
surfactant production in the fetus and accelerate fetal lung maturity, in the event the fetus is
delivered prematurely to minimize respiratory distress syndrome associated with premature
infants.
A male client who is in the terminal stage of cancer is cared for at home by his family and
receives a prescription for morphine at a rate to control intractable pain. When the hospice
nurse visits, the client awakens, moans in severe pain, and asks for an increase in the morphine
dosage. After determining the client's respirations are 10 per minute, what is the best action for
the nurse to implement? - ANS a. Titrate the morphine dose upward until the client has
adequate pain relief.
b. Suggest to the family that they can also give the client ibuprofen, a non-narcotic analgesic.
c. Hold additional morphine until the client's respirations are at least 16 per minute.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller DocLaura. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
