WGU C963 Exam Study Questions and Answers
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Shay's Rebellion (1786) - ✔✔Daniel Shays, a veteran of the Continental Army, led a rebellion of poor
farmers in Massachusetts who demanded debt relief, lower taxes, and protections against property
seizures.
Women's Suffrage Movement - ✔✔International Movement of the 1880's, that sought to challenge the
legal, political, and economic disabilities towards European and American women. This is historically
significant because the women eventually gained the right to vote and the right to hold a job. The
extension of enlightenment ideas onto women.
George Washington - ✔✔1st President of the United States; commander-in-chief of the Continental Army
during the American Revolution (1732-1799)
British Army - ✔✔had 50,000 men including mercenaries (hired soldiers), uniforms, experienced soldiers,
the best guns.
Yorktown, Virginia - ✔✔site where George Washington forced the surrender of the British army in 1781,
after which the British war effort crumbled
How many admendments to the consititution are there? - ✔✔27
Which contributor to the Enlightenment identified two key aspects to our existence, liberty and property?
- ✔✔John Locke
John Locke (1632-1704) - ✔✔Political theorist who defended the Glorious Revolution with the argument
that all people are born with certain natural rights to life, liberty, and property.
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,Natural Rights - ✔✔the idea that all humans are born with rights, which include the right to life, liberty,
and property
Bill of Rights - ✔✔The first ten amendments to the Constitution
1st Amendment - ✔✔Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting
the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people
peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.
freedom of the press - ✔✔right of newspapers and other public media to publish articles believed to be
accurate
Barack Obama - ✔✔2008; Democrat; first African American president of the US, health care bill; Gulf of
Mexico oil spill disaster; economy: huge stimulus package to combat the great recession, is removing
troops from Iraq, strengthened numbers in Afghanistan; repeal of Don't Ask Don't Tell; New Start treaty
with Russia
James Madison - ✔✔"Father of the Constitution," Federalist leader, and fourth President of the United
States.
Dickerson v. United States (2000) - ✔✔The Mapp decision is based on the Constitution and cannot be
altered by Congress passing a law
Madison v. Marbury (1803) - ✔✔Supreme Court decision that overruled, for the first, a law passed by
Congress that had been signed by George Washington; Chief Justice John Marshall, a Federalist, claimed
that the Supreme Court had the right to decide if laws were constitutional; this is called "judicial
review..."
2nd Amendment - ✔✔A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of
the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.
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, 3rd Amendment - ✔✔No quartering of soldiers
4th Amendment - ✔✔Protection against Unreasonable Search and Seizure
5th Amendment - ✔✔Criminal Proceedings; Due Process; Eminent Domain; Double Jeopardy; Protection
from Self incrimination
6th Amendment - ✔✔The right to a Speedy Trial by jury, representation by an attorney for an accused
person
7th Amendment - ✔✔Right to a trial by jury in civil cases
8th Amendment - ✔✔Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and
unusual punishments inflicted.
9th Amendment - ✔✔The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to
deny or disparage others retained by the people.
10th Amendment - ✔✔The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited
by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
11th Amendment - ✔✔Prohibits citizens of one state or foreign country from suing another state.
12th Amendment - ✔✔Brought about by the Jefferson/Burr tie, stated that presidential and vice-
presidential nominees would run on the same party ticket. Before that time, all of the candidates ran
against each other, with the winner becoming president and second-place becoming vice-president.
13th Amendment (1865) - ✔✔Abolition of slavery w/o compensation for slave-owners
14th Amendment (1868) - ✔✔Grants citizenship to "all persons born or naturalized in the US"; it forbids
any state to deny any person "life, liberty or property, without due process of law" or to "deny to any
person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of its laws." Most important law ever passed besides
original Constitution and Bill of Rights. It has been the vehicle for the expansion of civil rights, women's
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