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, TESTBANK
Miche lleMorrison-Valfre: Foundations ofMenta l Health Care 8thEd ition
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Chapter01:TheHistoryofMentalCare b e
MULTIPLECHOICE e
1. ThebeliefoftheancientGreekphilosopherPlatothat therationalsoulcontrolled theirrational
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e B eB e soulcouldbec omparedwiththebeliefofthemorerecentpsychologicaltheorist:be e
a. Freud
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b. Pinel e
c. Fisher e
d. Rush e
ANS:A e
SigmundFreud believedthatmentalillnesswas,inpart,causedbyforcesbothwithinand outside b b e B e
thepersonality.PhilippePineladvocatedacceptanceofmentallyillindividualsashumanbeingsin
Be e B eB
eneed ofmedicalassistance.AliceFisherwasaFlorenceNightingalenursewhocared forthe
b b e B e B
ementallyill,andDr.Benjamin Rush wastheauthorofthebookDiseasesoftheMind . b b e Be e
PTS: 1 DIF: CognitiveLevel:Comprehension
e REF:p.4
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OBJ: 2 B TOP:EarlyYearsofMentalHealth
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KEY: NursingProcessStep:Assessmente MSC:Client Needs:PsychosocialIntegrity
Be e eb e
2. During themid-1500s,behaviorsassociated with mentalillnessweremoreaccurately
b b b e B
recordedbyprofessionals.Thispracticeledto fordifferentabnormal
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behaviors.
B e
a. Classifications e
b. Diagnosing e
c. Treatment e
d. Education e
ANS:A e
Classificationo fabnormalbehaviorsdidnotbeginun tilthistime,afterthepracticeofmore b e b e B
accuraterecordingofbehaviorswasbegun.Diagnoses,treatment guidelines,andanyeducation
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eregardingmentalhealthdisord erswerenotavailableduringthi speriod.
B eB e be be e
PTS: 1 DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge
e eREF:p.5 e e e
OBJ: 3 B TOP:MentalIllnessDuringtheRenaissance
e e Be e
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KEY: NursingProcessStep:Assessmente MSC:Client Needs:PsychosocialIntegrity
Be e eb e
3. During thelatterpartoftheeighteenth century,psychiatrybecamea separatebranchof
b b b e B
medicine,andinhum anetreatmentwasgreatlydiminishedbytheFrenchhospita ldirector: a.
e b e b e e
Dix e e
b. Beers e
c. Pinel e
d. Carter ANS:C e e
, PhilippePineladvocateda cceptanceofthementallyill, a swellaspropertreatment.DorotheaDix be b e e
Bcrusadedforconstructionofmentalhealthhospitals.Clifford BeerswrotethebookAMindThat
e b e B e B
FoundItself.President JimmyCarterestablishedthePresident’sCommissionon MentalHealth in
e b b b
e1978.
B eB e e
PTS: 1 DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge
e e REF:p.5 e e e
OBJ: 4 B TOP:Ment alIllnessin the EighteenthCentury
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KEY: NursingProcessStep:Assessment
e MSC:Client Needs:PsychosocialIntegrity
Be e eb e
4. In1841 , b e
surveyed asylums,jails,and almshouses throughouttheUnited b b b e
States,C anada,andS cotlandand i scredited withbri nginga boutpubli
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cawareness and reformfo rthe careofthementallyill. a. SigmundFreud b b b e B e e e
b. JohnCade e
c. FlorenceNightingale e
d. DorotheaDix e
ANS:D e
DorotheaDixspent2 0yearssurveyingf acilitiesthathousedmen tallyillindividualsa ndis be be b be b e
creditedwithmajorchangesin thecareofthementallyill.SigmundFreudintroduced the
B e b b e B e B
concept ofpsychoanalysis,JohnCadediscoveredlithiumcarbonateforthetreatmentofbipolar
e b e B
disorder,andFlorenceNightingaletrained nur sesinEngland inth e1800s.
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PTS: 1 DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge
e e REF:p.6 e e e
OBJ: 4 B TOP:MentalIllnessinth eNineteenthCentury
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KEY: NursingProcessStep:Assessment
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5. AsadirectresultofClifford NBeeRrs’
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anBd.boCok,MAMindThatFoundItself,theCommitteefor MentalHygienewasformedi
e e B b
n190U9S with af ocusonp reventionofm
e entalillnes sand: a. Earlydetectiono
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fsymptomsofment alillness
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b. Educationofcaregivers e
c. Currenttreatmentoptions b e
d. Removingth estigmaa ttachedtomentalillness be be e
ANS:D e
CliffordBeers’bookreflectedon hisattemptat suicidefollowed bythedeplorablecarehereceived b b
e
b e B
forthenext3years inmentalhospitals.Beers’workandbookraisedtheconsciousness ofpeople
Be b b e B e
throughoutthecountryregardingpreventionand removalofthestigmao fh avinga mentalillness.
Be
e
b be be be e B
Earlydetectionofsymptoms,educationofcaregivers,and currenttreatmentoptionsregarding
B e b e B
mentalillnesswerenotthefocusofhisbook,norweretheya priorityfortheCommitteeforMental
e b e B
Hygiene.
e Be e
PTS: 1 DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge
e e REF:p.6 e e e
OBJ: 4 B TOP:MentalIllnessinth eTwentiethCentury
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KEY: NursingProcessStep:Assessment
e MSC:Client Needs:PsychosocialIntegrity
Be e eb e
6. Duringth e1930s,whatcommon tr eatment forschizophreniacausedclientstofa llintoac
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omathat e couldlastaslongas50hours? b e Be e
a. Electroconvulsivetherapy
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, b. Insulint herapy
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c. Humoraltherapy e
d. Amphetaminetherapy
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ANS:B e
Insulintherapywasbelieved tosuccessfullytreatschizophreniain theearly1900s. b b e
B Amphetamineswereused totreatdepression,andelectroconvulsivetherapywasusedfor
e b e B
severedepression.Humoraltherapy,whichoriginatedi
e nancientGreeceandRome,was ab b e b b
elief thatmentalillnessresulted fromanimbalanceofthehumorsofair,fire,water, andea rth.
e e Be b b be e
PTS: 1 DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge
e REF:p.8 e e e e
OBJ: 5
B TOP:I nfluencesofWaronMentalHealthThera pies
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KEY: NursingProcessStep:Assessment MSC:Client Needs:PsychosocialIntegrity
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7. Inth b
e1930s,whatmentalhealthdisorderwaselectroconvulsivetherapy(ECT)mostoft
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enus ed totreat? b e Be e
a. Schizophrenia e
b. Bipolardisorder e
c. Severedepression e
d. Violentb ehavior be e
ANS:C e
ECTwas foundtobean effectivetreatment forseveredepression inthe1930s.During this period,
b b eb b b b e B e B
schizophreniawastreatedwit hinsulintherapy,andviolentbehaviorwastreatedwithalobotomy
e b e b
.In 1949,lithiumcarbonatewasdiscovereda sat reatmentforbipolardisorder.
e e Be be be e
PTS: 1 e e DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge
e REF:p.6 e e
OBJ: 5
B e e Be TOP:I nfluencesofWaronMentalHealthThera pies
e Be b e
KEY: Nursing Process Step:ANssesRsmeInt GMSBC:.CClienMt Needs:Psychosocial Integrity
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USNT O e e
8. Inth eearlytwentieth century,afrontallobotomywasa c ommontr eatment forviolent
b e b b e b e b e eb
behaviors.Whichdescriptionofthisprocedureisacc urate?
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a. Aprocedurethatd eliversanelectricalstimulustothefrontallobesofthebrain be e
b. Asurgicalprocedurethat drillsholesinth ef ront o ftheskulltodr ainfluid eb be be b e b b e
c. Asurgicalprocedurethatseversthefrontallobesoft hebr ainf romth ethal amus be b be be b e
d. Asurgicalprocedurethatinsertsimplantsintothefrontallobe softhebrain b e
ANS:C e
Afrontallobotomyisa surgicalprocedureinwhichthefrontallobeso b b e ft b e hebrainareseveredf b
romthe thalamus.
e e Be e
PTS: 1 DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge
e REF:p.6 e e e e
OBJ: 5
B TOP:I nfluencesofWaronMentalHealthThera pies
e Be e e Be b e
KEY: NursingProcessStep:Assessment MSC:Client Needs:PsychosocialIntegrity
e Be e eb e
9. Which classofdrugswasintroducedinthe 1930 sforthetreatment ofdepression? a.
b b e b e b e
SSRIs
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b. Tricyclicantidepressants e
c. MAOIs e
d. Amphetamines e
