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NSG 533 / NSG533 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 4. QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS. $8.49
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NSG 533 / NSG533 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 4. QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS.

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Progressive Stage of Shock Compensatory mechanisms are failing, anaerobic metabolism fails to maintain energy needs. Profound vasodilation from SNS failure results in ischemia, increasing lactic acid, metabolic acidosis, increased capillary pressure/interstitial edema, altered cellular functioning...

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  • January 29, 2025
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NSG 533 EXAM 4
True or false: A stroke is cerebrovascular in nature. A traumatic injury, such as a
traumatic SAH, is not technically considered a stroke.
True.




Definition and normal value for Hgb
A measurement of the mass of hemoglobin; > 13 g/dL in men, > 12 g/dL in women




List the meninges from superficial to deep
dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater




Definition and normal value for Hct
A measure of the % of whole blood with intact RBC; 40-50% in men, 35-45% in
women




What is the relation of hematocrit to hemoglobin?
3x

,Definition and normal value of mean corpuscular volume (MCV)
A measure of the average volume of a RBC; 80-100 fl.




What is a normal reticulocyte count, and what's the meaning of a high or low
value?
Normal: 0.5-2%. Low = underproduction, high = hemolysis or active bleeding




Total iron binding capacity (TIBC)
Measures the blood's ability to bind iron to transferrin. In iron deficiency anemia, iron
level will be low but TIBC will be high. Normal = 240-450 mcg/dL




Haptoglobin
An acute phase reactant protein made by the liver that preserves iron by irreversibly
binding free hemoglobin from lysed RBCs.




Microcytic anemia
An underproduction anemia characterized by abnormally small erythrocytes that
contain unusually reduced amounts of hemoglobin. Typically iron deficiency. MCV <
80 fl.

, State lab findings seen in iron deficiency anemia
MCV < 80 fl., reticulocyte count < 0.5%, ferritin < 100 ng/mL, high TIBC, low serum
iron < 30, bone marrow biopsy showing absence of iron stores




What is the gold standard diagnostic test for iron deficiency anemia?
Bone marrow biopsy; not usually necessary




What are possible etiologies of iron deficiency anemia?
Blood loss (GI or menstrual), inadequate intake of meats, malabsorption
(gastrectomy, bariatric surgery, celiac dx, IBS)




Macrocytic anemia
An underproduction anemia that arises commonly from abnormalities that hinder
the maturation of erythroid precursors in the bone marrow. Typically B12 or folate
deficiency. MCV > 100 fl.




True or false: folate deficiency is the most common cause of macrocytic anemia.
True; the body only stores a 4-5 month supply of folate.

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