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Summary Cell Division Flashcards - A level Biology £6.29   Add to cart
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Summary Cell Division Flashcards - A level Biology

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Here i have some super detailed flashcards on the module 'Cell Division' which i used to achieve an A* in A-Level Biology. The exam board i used was Eduqas/WJEC, however OCR and Eduqas are very similar boards and the flashcards will still be applicable.

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  • April 30, 2021
  • 3
  • 2020/2021
  • Summary

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Module: Cell Division



Q: Describe the structure of a chromosome:
 Chromosomes are made up of DNA and a protein called histone.
 The DNA molecule is a double helix, running the length of the chromosome, with
sections along its length called genes.
 Chromosomes only become visible when chromatin condenses prior to cell division,
after each DNA molecule has replicated and made an exact copy of itself.
 The two copies of a chromosome are called sister chromatids and they lie parallel
along their length, joined at a specialised region, called the centromere.

Q: What does haploid mean?
 Having one complete set of chromosomes.

Q: What does diploid mean?
 Having two complete sets of chromosomes, normally a maternal and paternal one.

Q: What are the three main stages of the cell cycle?
1. Interphase
2. Mitosis
3. Cytokinesis

Q: What happens in interphase?
 Newly formed cell grows, and its organelles replicate, replacing those lost in the
previous division.
 The DNA replicates so its quantity doubles. Proteins, such as histones and enzymes,
are synthesised during interphase, requiring energy from ATP.

Q: State the 4 stages of mitosis:
 PMAT
1. Prophase
2. Metaphase
3. Anaphase
4. Telophase

Q: What happens during cytokinesis?
 The division of the cytoplasm to make two cells.

Q: What is meiosis?
 A two-stage cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that produces 4
genetically distinct daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the
parent cell.

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