Chapter 4: The Influence of Family on Developing a Lifestyle Test Bank

Chapter 4: The Influence of Family on Developing a Lifestyle Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The family can be defined as: a. the coexistence of two or more humans. b. a basic human social system. c. a hierarchal partnership. d. a group of persons who are related by blood. ANS: B The family has been defined as a basic human social system that involves commitment and interaction among its members. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 37 OBJ: 3 TOP: Family KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: growth and development 2. The health-care worker assesses ethnocentrism in a patient when the patient says: a. “There is no culture that can claim superiority to any other.” b. “A person’s culture is central to his adjustment to reality.” c. “All cultures have something to teach us.” d. “White Anglo-Saxons will always set the civilization standard.” ANS: D Ethnocentrism is the belief thatNoUnRe’Ss IowNnGcTuBCe OisMthe standard of behavior and is superior to other cultures. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 49 OBJ: 8 TOP: Ethnocentrism KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: psychosocial adaptation 3. A Spanish-speaking 6-year-old who has started first grade in an English-speaking school spends most of her time alone and seems helpless and unable to function in this new environment. This situation as an indication of: a. inadequate preparation for attending school. b. school phobia. c. culture shock. d. discrimination. ANS: C Culture shock occurs when persons who are exposed to a sudden, drastic change of cultural environment are unable to cope with the new situation. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 49 OBJ: 8 TOP: Culture shock KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: coping and adaptation 4. The family systems theory proposes that: a. family functions are interconnected, so what happens to one family member affects the entire family. b. family is viewed as the sum of its individual members. c. change in one family member cannot create a change in other family members. d. individual family members are readily identifiable as the source of a problem. ANS: A Family systems theory is based on family interconnectedness, with the understanding that what happens to one family member affects the entire family. Everything is viewed in the context of family interactions. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 43 OBJ: 3 TOP: Family systems theory KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: NA 5. An example of a blended family is one made up of: a. three unmarried couples and six minor children. b. a paternal grandmother, parents, three minor children. c. a husband, wife, one biological child, one adopted child. d. a mother, her children, stepfather. ANS: D An example of a blended family is a mother or father, stepparent, children. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 39, Table 4-1 OBJ: 1 TOP: Family structures KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: growth and development 6. When an Asian dinner guest staNrUtleRsShIisNWGeTstBer.nChOosMt by belching loudly to show appreciation of the meal, this behavior is an example of: a. cultural assimilation. b. cultural sensitivity. c. culture shock. d. cultural relativism. ANS: D Cultural relativism is the concept that what is normal in one culture may not be considered normal in another culture. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 49 OBJ: 1 TOP: Cultural relativism KEY: Nursing Process Step: NA MSC: NCLEX: NA 7. The health-care worker would advise parents who are in the process of divorce to support their adolescent children by: a. delegating more home responsibility to them. b. discouraging discussion with a neutral party. c. encouraging pursuit of own interests. d. using adolescent as a confidant. ANS: C Adolescents need to be encouraged to pursue their own interests and not be burdened with extra home responsibility. Discussion with a neutral party is helpful to the adolescent. Parents should avoid using the adolescent as a confidant. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 41, Table 4-2 OBJ: 4 TOP: Divorce KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: coping and adaptation 8. A mother with a 6-month-old infant says, “I want to go back to work, but I don’t want there to be a problem since I’ll have less time to spend with the baby.” The best response should be: a. “I’m sure the baby will be fine if you get a good babysitter.” b. “Let’s talk about child-care options that will be best for the baby.” c. “You should stay home until the baby starts school.” d. “You should go back to work so the baby will get used to being with others.” ANS: B Adequate child-care arrangements should be established prior to employment. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 38, Box 4-1 OBJ: 5 TOP: Child-care services KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: growth and development 9. The home health-care worker assesses cultural assimilation when: a. a Native American child living in Florida learns to cook traditional dishes. b. a Muslim man living in Illinois performs ritual prayers daily at his workplace. c. an Asian woman living in Texas wears blue jeans and boots. d. a young Hindu woman livinNgUiRn SAIrkNaGnsTasBa.gCreOesMto marry a man chosen by her father. ANS: C Cultural assimilation occurs when a person of one culture adopts the practices of another. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 49 OBJ: 8 TOP: Cultural assimilation KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: growth and development 10. Because age differences between siblings may affect family dynamics, there is more affection and less rivalry and hostility between siblings whose ages differ by: a. 5 or more years. b. 4 years. c. 3 years. d. 2 or fewer years. ANS: A Children older than 4 years of age may feel protective of the newborn and feel less competition for parental affection and approval. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 40 OBJ: 5 TOP: Spacing of siblings KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: growth and development 11. The laissez-faire parenting style: a. allows children to regulate their own activity; sees parenting role as resource rather than role model. b. establishes rules, regulations, and standards of conduct for children that are to be followed without question. c. respects each child’s individuality; directs child’s behavior by emphasizing the reasons for the rules. d. employs only one-way communication with the children. ANS: A The laissez-faire style offers complete freedom for all members, with no rules, minimal discipline (if any), and no effort at impulse control. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 48 OBJ: 6 TOP: Childrearing styles KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: growth and development 12. The health-care worker designing culturally competent care will employ interventions that: a. go beyond the awareness of similarities and differences to implementing care that is sensitive. b. recognize awareness of cultural similarities and differences. c. will judge behavior first in relation to the context of the culture in which it occurs. d. teach health beliefs of the dominant culture. ANS: A Culturally competent care shows respect and acceptance of another culture and does not violate the culture of the patient. NURSINGTB.COM DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 49 OBJ: 8 TOP: Cultural competence KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: growth and development 13. Studies suggest that viewing violent television programs or playing violent video games may cause: a. visual disorders in preschool-age children. b. sleep disorders in school-age children. c. mental fatigue and irritability. d. release of dopamine, which affects attention and learning. ANS: D Violent TV and video games may cause the release of dopamine, which has a negative effect on attention and learning. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 50 OBJ: 10 TOP: Electronic media KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: growth and development 14. In the launching stage of the growth and development of a family unit, the focus of the family will be on: a. maintaining a stable home base as children mature. b. establishing financial independence. c. negotiating tasks related to childrearing and household maintenance. d. maintaining own and/or couple functioning and interests in the face of physiologic decline. ANS: A As children begin to mature, they need a stable home base as they begin to form an adult relationship with their parents. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 48, Table 4-5 OBJ: 2 TOP: Developmental tasks of the family life cycle KEY: Nursing Process Step: NA MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: growth and development 15. Parents tell the school nurse that their second-grade child watches television about 4 hours a day. When discussing this issue with the parents, the nurse would best advise the parent that: a. if the programs are educational, the length of time spent watching television is not important. b. if the child is doing well in school, the length of time spent watching television is not important. c. parents need to supervise the amount and type of television programs their children watch. d. most children watch this much or more television without negative effects. ANS: C The best television viewing is family viewing, with parents selecting the programs and sharing thoughts with the child about what they are watching. Parents can point out the purpose of the program (entertainment, education), distinguish between what is real and unreal, correlate consequences with actions, and so on. NURSINGTB.COM DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 60 OBJ: 11 TOP: Electronic media and technology KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: growth and development 16. The culturally competent health-care worker is aware that when caring for members of a culturally diverse population, care must focus on: a. overcoming their own cultural barriers to avoid stereotyping. b. the tendency to develop ethnocentricity. c. unconsciously imposing one’s own culture on others. d. confusing the values and beliefs of one culture with another. ANS: A Knowledge of cultural beliefs and behaviors can be used to determine the degree to which a family or person shares commonalities with a particular culture, but care must be taken not to assume that all members of a specific culture are alike and share the same values and beliefs. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 49 OBJ: 8 TOP: Cultural competency KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: growth and development 17. A distressed mother of a 2-year-old is at her “wit’s end” with the toddler’s desire to do activities that may be dangerous. The health-care worker counsels the parent that to assist the child with the development of autonomy, the parent should: a. be vigilant and protective and remind the child to be careful. b. discourage the child’s independence at this early age. c. direct the child in quiet pursuits with close supervision. d. allow independent activity in a safe environment. ANS: D The task of developing autonomy should be encouraged and allowed in a safe environment. For instance, let the child climb on the slide, but be available without constant caution to “be careful.” DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 47, Table 4-4 OBJ: 7 TOP: Supporting autonomy KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: growth and development 18. A child who has a brother or a sister in the family unit will have the support to develop: a. a sense of autonomy. b. a sense of self. c. concepts of social interaction. d. a greater attention span. ANS: C The presence of a sibling provides support and gives early experience with the development of social interaction. Siblings do not necessarily improve sense of self, attention span, or autonomy. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 40 OBJ: 5 TOP: Siblings KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health PromotionNaUnRd SMIaiNntGenTaBnc.e:CgOroMwth and development 19. Using family development theory of Duvall as a basis, the health-care worker counsels a couple expecting their first baby that in addition to integrating the child into the family unit, the couple should examine: a. reestablishing their relationship with their best friends. b. how they will help each other with household chores. c. finding reliable child care. d. developing hobbies for both the parents. ANS: B Families with new infants must integrate the newborn into the family unit and expand roles and responsibilities as they remold their family unit. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 45, Table 4-5 OBJ: 2 TOP: Developmental tasks of the family life cycle KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: growth and development 20. The Family Apgar scoring system to assess family function was created by: a. Erik Erikson. b. Robert Havighurst. c. Gabriel Smilkstein. d. Betty Neuman. ANS: C Gabriel Smilkstein created the Family Apgar scoring system in 1978 to help assess a family’s ability to adapt and resolve issues. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 43 OBJ: 2 TOP: Family Apgar KEY: Nursing Process Step: NA MSC: NCLEX: NA 21. Altered sleep patterns, disorganized eating patterns, and social isolation in a 13-year-old who is very involved in social networking could be symptoms of: a. regression. b. Facebook depression. c. anorexia nervosa. d. loss of autonomy. ANS: B Facebook depression occurs in young persons who spend inordinate amounts of time involved with social media and, as a result, exhibit typical signs of depression. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 52 OBJ: 10 TOP: Facebook depression KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: coping and adaptation 22. The Children’s Television Act of 1991 mandated that television networks: a. provide at least 2 hours of educational programs each afternoon. b. depict multiethnic characters in programs designed for young children. c. censor the content of programs being aired during prime time. d. avoid any religious referencNeUs RinSthIeNirGpTroBCmOmMing. ANS: C The Children’s Television Act of 1991 mandated that the content of programs shown during prime time be appropriate for young viewers. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 50 OBJ: 10 TOP: Children’s Television Act of 1991 KEY: Nursing Process Step: NA MSC: NCLEX: NA 23. Robert Havighurst designed a developmental theory for the learning of developmental tasks for persons of: a. preschool age. b. school age. c. adolescent age. d. late adulthood age. ANS: D Robert Havighurst described a sequence for learning developmental tasks for the period of late adulthood. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 45 OBJ: 7 TOP: Developmental theories KEY: Nursing Process Step: NA MSC: NCLEX: NA 24. While talking with the upset and tearful family of a patient newly diagnosed with a chronic illness, the health-care worker asks, “When something is bothering you, what do you do?” This should be interpreted as: a. part of assessing the family’s coping skills. b. inappropriate, because the family is so upset. c. a way to stop the family from crying. d. comparing this crisis to similar situations with which the family has dealt. ANS: A The health-care worker needs to identify family strengths and coping skills so a comprehensive plan of care can be developed and implemented by the health-care team. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 42 OBJ: 5 TOP: Chronic illness KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: coping and adaptation 25. The health-care worker is alert for signs of after the entire family was involved in a flood that swept their house away. a. social isolation b. posttraumatic stress c. aggressive behavior d. regression ANS: B Families who have been involved in a disaster can suffer from posttraumatic stress syndrome. Their reaction should not be minimized, but carefully assessed. DIF: Cognitive Level: ComprehNenUsiRoSn INRGETFB: .pC. 5O3M OBJ: 11 TOP: Effects of disaster KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: coping and adaptation 26. After the death of a child, what might the parents exhibit toward the surviving children? a. Increased anxiety b. Insistence on greater self-reliance c. Overprotectiveness d. Indifference ANS: C Family members may exhibit overprotectiveness toward the surviving children, depriving them of normal interaction with their peers. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 42 OBJ: 5 TOP: Death of a sibling KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: growth and development 27. The health-care worker points out to the family of a hospitalized child evidence that the facility supports family-centered health care by such practices as: a. presenting the family with the completed plan of care. b. nursing staff performing all care of the child. c. rigid times for meal service. d. expanded or totally open visiting hours. ANS: D Expanded or totally open visiting hours allow time for a family to be with their child. Designing the plan of care without family input does not support family-centered health care, nor does assuming every aspect of care. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 55 OBJ: 8 TOP: Family-centered health care KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: growth and development 28. Selected video games with a flickering frequency on the screen can trigger: a. seizures. b. loss of visual acuity. c. retinal damage. d. eye strain. ANS: A A flickering frequency can trigger a seizure in a child who has photosensitivity epilepsy. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 51 OBJ: 10 TOP: Negative effects of video KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: growth and development 29. The parents of two children, ages 7 and 2, are concerned about the language development of their 2-year-old. They tell the health-care worker that their older child began talking in two- or three-word phrases by age 2, but their younger child is still using mostly one-word sentences. The best response by the health-care worker is: a. “Your child should be evaluated as soon as possible for a language disorder.” b. “First-born children generaNllyUhRaSvIe Na GlaTrgBer.vCoOcaMbulary and better conversational skills at an earlier age.” c. “Your child will not begin to develop better language skills until she enters preschool.” d. “Make arrangements for your child to attend a day care center to improve language skills.” ANS: B Older siblings may help younger children grasp language skills, but first-born children may have longer, more intense verbal interaction with parents, resulting in a wider vocabulary and better conversational skills at an earlier age. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 40 OBJ: 5 TOP: Effect of family on growth and development of the child KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: growth and development MULTIPLE RESPONSE 30. The changes that have occurred to the traditional nuclear family over the past 40 years include: (Select all that apply.) a. decreased daily availability of the father. b. dual-career parents. c. larger families with young children. d. increase in number of single-parent families. e. expectation that children be more independent. ANS: A, B, D, E More families are dual-career families or single-parent families, which requires the child to be more independent at an earlier age. There is often decreased daily time with the father due to demands of the workplace. Families are smaller with fewer young children. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 38 OBJ: 5 TOP: Changes in family life KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: growth and development 31. To make an effective cultural assessment of a family that is dealing with a child with a terminal illness, the health-care worker must consider: (Select all that apply.) a. socioeconomic status. b. availability of other family members. c. religious practices. d. health beliefs. e. significance of the disease. ANS: A, C, D, E The cultural assessment should include values, socioeconomic status, religious practices, and health beliefs. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 49 OBJ: 8 TOP: Cultural Assessment KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: growth and development NURSINGTB.COM COMPLETION 32. The health-care worker uses as a basis for interventions for children the developmental theory of the theorist that is based on the mastery of developmental tasks at specific ages. ANS: Erik Erikson Erik Erikson developed the growth and development theory in which particular life skills are mastered at a particular age. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 46-47, Table 4-4 OBJ: 7 TOP: Developmental theory: Erikson KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: growth and development 33. Families who have poor communication among members, who tend to be isolated from the community, and who have inconsistent rules are labeled as . ANS: dysfunctional Dysfunctional family styles often result in antisocial behaviors of family members, where behavior of individuals may violate the rights of others. Even families labeled as dysfunctional have certain strengths, so the role of health-care providers are to refer the family to appropriate community resources to help family members regain self-esteem and break the cycle of dysfunction in future generations. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 48-49 OBJ: 10 TOP: Childrearing styles KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: coping and adaptation