Summary
Summary Gilded Age and Reconstruction
- Module
- History of the USA (9489)
- Institution
- CIE
Cambridge as and a level 9489 history notes A summary of the gilded age and progressive era
[Show more]
1 review
By: aaronkark6 • 1 year ago
Content preview
, Gilded age & progressive era 1870s -1920s
Introduction
•
The period between 1870 and 1920 was a remarkable one
•
The country recovered
rapidly from a devastating civil war in the 1860s } expanded + developed economically .
•
By the 19th
century the US was the world 's greatest economic
power and was
producing more than
,
other industrial nations (such as Germany
: and Britain)
•
Capitalism was stronger then ever before
•
However , mass urbanisation resulted in terrible living working conditions
+ for millions of ppl .
•
There were debates whether men and their bvis nesses should be free from government regulation
and allowed to make their millions without the consequences for others
thinking about
•
A reform campaign ,
known as the Progressive Movement was born
•
It
challenged this unregulated capitalism and demand many changes in society government
,
and the
economy .
•
This was a period of great social + economic change
There also major political and constitutional
was
changes
•
The civil war showed that unless it was persuaded to act in an
emergency by the president Congress did
•
,
very little .
•
In the period after the Civil War the US
struggled to adapt to demands of a modern industrial
economy .
•
Theodore Roosevelt (1901-09) + Woodrow Wilson (1913-211) rose to the challenges of the time
and provided remarkable solutions to many of the problems which rapid industrialisation produced .
, Why was the late lath century an age of rapid industrialization?
Factors that led to economic development
1. effects of the Civil War
to feed
2.
rapid population growth + the availability of food a growing population
3 . the availability of land (for factories , housing transport
,
and food production
4. expanding transport system
5. access to raw materials
G. supportive federal and state legislatures { absence of regulation
7.
technological and buisness innovation
8.
availability of capital ,
a developed banking system and a good supply of
money
9. unrestricted growth of large buis nesses
to .
protective tarr ifs } growing export markets
ii. social attitudes were sympathetic to capitalism { commercial and industrial growth
i. Impact of the Civil War
•
in
spite of the death and destruction it brings ,
conflict can often provide a
great motivation to an
economy .
•
The US Civil War encouraged economic growth in a
variety of ways .
•
The victorious North created a
very large army
That army needed guns ammunition and transportation scale unknown in the US before
clothing on a
•
.
,
,
• The
economy had to adapt to this sudden increase in demand by produce the vast amount of
goods required .
•
Goods were produced in
large quantities .
•
Mass production could deliver the materials that large armies needed and new methods of distribution
were
produced in large quantities .
The government had to raise money to for the war
pay
• .
This led to a sophisticated capital raising system centred on Wall Street in New York
-
•
' '
•
It also developed a new paper currency known as the US Note or
greenback .
, The
country 's banking system had to evolve to cope with the increasing amount of
money in
•
circulation by the government's growing need to borrow money .
The vital in that industrial expansion could be financed
•
banking system was
ensuring .
Tarr ifs were raised this to gain income for the government but also to
partly protect
•
•
was
,
American goods ( such as
railway engines + wheat ) from cheaper imports
•
The civil war was the start of a
great expansion of
industry in the US .
A lot of made lot of out of the by adapting and innovating in response
men a
money war
•
to the demands of war .
2. Population growth
The large growth in population of the us in this period was v. important for industrial
•
expansion .
• This population provided the workforce needed for industrial expansion .
.
It also meant there was an
agricultural workforce which could feed the growing population .
•
These people then became the consumers for the products that were produced
Mhhg✓Twofactih
☐ growth of existing population
remarkable pop growth
.
• immigration
Existingpopvlationmmmm
the decline in death rate
•
The principal reason why the
existing population grew so
rapidly was
Iespecially among young children )
•
Improved living standards led to a substantial reduction in the death rate of children under five
•
The infant mortality rate was
approximately 181 per 1000 births in 1860
*
this dropped to
151
by 1890
and
*
96 by 1910
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller amystein. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £7.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
82871 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now