Mary I revision questions
1. How did Mary curtail Philip’s power in England?
He was not allowed access to English patronage despite his title as King Consort and he
was not able to exercise any sovereign power. It was difficult for him and Mary to commu-
nicate as her Spanish was rusty and he didn’t speak English
2. Why was Philip unable to dispense duties quickly?
His household was comprised of half his Spanish entourage and English personnel
3. What were Mary’s main aims as queen?
Catholic restoration, producing heirs and a beneficial alliance
4. Why did the marriage benefit Philip?
If there was an alliance between England and the Habsburg Empire there was a strong op-
position against France
5. How did the people react to the marriage and why did this cause problems?
There was a lot of anti-Spanish feeling in London
6. When did the Wyatt rebellion start? What were the causes of the Wyatt rebellion?
Spring 1554. Followed after the announcement of a Anglo-Spanish marriage, the people
did not want Mary to marry a foreigner and that English interests would become sub-
servient to Spain. For some it was a chance to try and stop the Catholic restoration and
have a Protestant succession. Kent experienced a decline in cloth trade making people
less tolerant
7. What was Edward Courtenay’s involvement in the Wyatt rebellion?
He wanted to engineer a Protestant succession by deposing marry and marrying Elizabeth
8. Why did the Wyatt’s rebellion fail?
It didn’t get enough support and Renard found out about the rebellion from the nobility at
court and Courtenay was made to confess
9. How did Mary react to the rebellion?
Wyatt managed to raise 2,500 troops in Kent but only 90 were executed as she was trying
to deal with it diplomatically. She found Elizabeth to be innocent
10. How did Philip impact English affairs between 1553 to 1558?
No direct influence but he could direct his desires through Renard who was Mary’s most
trusted advisor and the Spanish ambassador. However, he managed to persuade England
into the Habsburg-Valois war which went against the Vatican. As a result they lost Calais
11. Why was the Catholic restoration so important to Mary?
She was a devout Catholic, personal worship was very important to her. She saw her initial
popularity as an endorsement for the Catholic faith. She wanted to rescue her citizens
from the mortal sin of Protestantism
12. Who were the most influential advisors to Mary?
Cardinal Pole, Renard, Bishop Gardiner
13. What were the religious developments in 1553?
She repealed the Act of Supremacy, arrested key Protestant figures and the Act of Repeal
which undid the Edwardian reformation
14. What were the religious developments in 1554?
Papal excommunication sentence was lifted, suppression of heresy, removal of married
clergy, re-ordain clergy, restoration of Holy Days processions and ceremonies, replace
Protestant Bishops with Catholic ones and promise that former monastic lands would not
be returned to the Church
15. What were the religious developments in 1555?
Execution of Protestant heretics and made Reginald Pole the Archbishop of Canterbury
16. What were the religious developments in 1556?
Issuing of the Twelve Decrees
17. What were the religious developments in 1557?
1. How did Mary curtail Philip’s power in England?
He was not allowed access to English patronage despite his title as King Consort and he
was not able to exercise any sovereign power. It was difficult for him and Mary to commu-
nicate as her Spanish was rusty and he didn’t speak English
2. Why was Philip unable to dispense duties quickly?
His household was comprised of half his Spanish entourage and English personnel
3. What were Mary’s main aims as queen?
Catholic restoration, producing heirs and a beneficial alliance
4. Why did the marriage benefit Philip?
If there was an alliance between England and the Habsburg Empire there was a strong op-
position against France
5. How did the people react to the marriage and why did this cause problems?
There was a lot of anti-Spanish feeling in London
6. When did the Wyatt rebellion start? What were the causes of the Wyatt rebellion?
Spring 1554. Followed after the announcement of a Anglo-Spanish marriage, the people
did not want Mary to marry a foreigner and that English interests would become sub-
servient to Spain. For some it was a chance to try and stop the Catholic restoration and
have a Protestant succession. Kent experienced a decline in cloth trade making people
less tolerant
7. What was Edward Courtenay’s involvement in the Wyatt rebellion?
He wanted to engineer a Protestant succession by deposing marry and marrying Elizabeth
8. Why did the Wyatt’s rebellion fail?
It didn’t get enough support and Renard found out about the rebellion from the nobility at
court and Courtenay was made to confess
9. How did Mary react to the rebellion?
Wyatt managed to raise 2,500 troops in Kent but only 90 were executed as she was trying
to deal with it diplomatically. She found Elizabeth to be innocent
10. How did Philip impact English affairs between 1553 to 1558?
No direct influence but he could direct his desires through Renard who was Mary’s most
trusted advisor and the Spanish ambassador. However, he managed to persuade England
into the Habsburg-Valois war which went against the Vatican. As a result they lost Calais
11. Why was the Catholic restoration so important to Mary?
She was a devout Catholic, personal worship was very important to her. She saw her initial
popularity as an endorsement for the Catholic faith. She wanted to rescue her citizens
from the mortal sin of Protestantism
12. Who were the most influential advisors to Mary?
Cardinal Pole, Renard, Bishop Gardiner
13. What were the religious developments in 1553?
She repealed the Act of Supremacy, arrested key Protestant figures and the Act of Repeal
which undid the Edwardian reformation
14. What were the religious developments in 1554?
Papal excommunication sentence was lifted, suppression of heresy, removal of married
clergy, re-ordain clergy, restoration of Holy Days processions and ceremonies, replace
Protestant Bishops with Catholic ones and promise that former monastic lands would not
be returned to the Church
15. What were the religious developments in 1555?
Execution of Protestant heretics and made Reginald Pole the Archbishop of Canterbury
16. What were the religious developments in 1556?
Issuing of the Twelve Decrees
17. What were the religious developments in 1557?
