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Lecture Notes Research Methods (PSYC10250) - Experimental design & evaluating research (W2+4) £5.49   Add to cart

Lecture notes

Lecture Notes Research Methods (PSYC10250) - Experimental design & evaluating research (W2+4)

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lecture notes of research methods term 1, week 2&4. - week 2: Experimental design and writing a methods section of a report - week 4: evaluating research, reflecting on findings and writing a discussion section of a report

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  • June 10, 2023
  • 4
  • 2022/2023
  • Lecture notes
  • Mike vernon, juliet wakefield
  • Term 1 - experimental design & evaluating research (week 2,4)
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Experimental design & evaluating research
(W2+4)
Two main types of data
 Quantitative
o Involves gathering numerical data
 Qualitative data
o Involves gathering non numerical data

Quantitative research principles
 Always begins with a testable prediction (hypothesis)

Population vs sample
 We cannot gather data from a whole population
 Too costly/ time-consuming
 Not everyone will respond
 Instead, we select a sample - then able to generalise

Types of sampling
 Random sampling
o Quite uncommon
o Leads to a representative sample -able to generalise
 Simple random sampling: every person in a population has an equal chance of being picked
 Stratified sampling: population is divided into meaningful groups and simple random
sampling is conducted in each group

 Non random sampling
o Very common
o Leads to a less representative sample
o Saves time and money and often the most practical
 Voluntary sampling: population self select themselves to participate
o Snowball sampling: when participants get friends or family to participate
 Convenience sampling: population who are easy to reach asked to participate

How big should your sample be?
 The size of the sample will determine
o Extent to which you can generalise your findings
o Probability of a chance finding or of missing an important finding
 Depends on
o Size and homogeneity of the population
o Nature of the variables measured
o Required precision of results
o How confident you are in the results

Experiments
 Only way to explore causal relationships
o Do changes in variable A cause changes to variable B
 Manipulate the values of one variable A and see if it affects a second variable B, keeping all
other variables constant

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