CRRN Latest Version with Verified Answers

CRRN Latest Version with Verified Answers Holistic Care Incorporates the client's developmental needs, social networks, and lofestyle preferences. Gestalt Theory States that the "Whole is greater than the sum of its parts." Pieces and parts fit together to produce thoughts, actions, and structures, such as family units. Advocates that the patient and entire family are assisted back to wellness. Developed by Max Wertheimer in the 1920's. Gardner Suggests that individuals have multiple intelligences and growth can occur beyond traditional expectations such as intelligence quotient (IQ) measurements. Efficacy Theory Relevant to life-span adjustments because independence correlates with opinions about self-care and situational control. Developmental Theories Systematic statements to explain human phenomenon. Traditionally organized by: psychoanalytic, learning, cognitive, behavioral, and interactive. Intrapsychic (Psychoanalytic) Theorists 1-Sigmund Freud () 2-Alfred Adler () 3-Carl Jung () Interpersonal Theorists 1-Harry Stack Sullivan () 2-Frieda Fromm-Reichmann () and Clara Mabel Thompson () Social Learning Theorists 1-Erik Erikson () 2-Joan Erikson () 3-Albert Bandura (1925-present) Behavioral Theorists 1-Ivan Pavlov () 2-K. Warner Schaie (1928-present) Cognitive Theorists 1-John Dewey () 2-Jean Piaget () Moral Theorists 1-Lawrence Kohlberg () 2-Carol Gilligan (1936-present) Personality Theorists 1-Abraham Maslow () 2-Carl Rogers () 3-Howard Gardner (1943-present) Family Development and Function Theorists 1-Ruth Evelyn Millis Duvall () 2-Joan Stevenson-Hinde (1977) 3-Joan Bowlby () Nursing theories and Conceptualizations 1-Metaparadigms 2-Philosophies 3-Conceptual Frameworks Freud's Theory Intrapsychic Theory. Has four phases that occur within set time frames during childhood. Freud' Theory States: Conflict between individuals' natural instincts and society's restrictions on them experienced in childhood influence individual's adult personality; children are thought to progress through four stages of psychosexual development: Oral, anal, phallic, and latent and genital. Believes fixation can result if phases are not achieved successfully. Freud's first phase of childhood development: Oral phase (1st year of life). Involves exploring the world orally, and the mouth, lips, and tongue are the cen