AMEDD Anatomy and Physiology Course Questions and Answers latest updated 2023

AMEDD Anatomy and Physiology Course Questions and Answers latest updated 2023 Anatomy can be defined as the study of which of the following? Parts of the body Which of the following correctly describes the anatomical position of the human body? Head is level, eyes directed anteriorly; feet flat on the floor and parallel; toes pointed anteriorly; upper limbs at sides of the body with palms facing anteriorly. Homeostasis is the ___1__ of the body's internal environment. The nervous system uses electrical signals called___2____ to transmit instructions that help bring back equilibrium. The endocrine system does the same by using glands to send out molecular messengers known as ____3___. The nervous and endocrine system maintain homeostasis by triggering ___4___. 1. equilibrium 2. nerve impulses 3. hormones 4. feedback systems Which of the following components of a feedback system receives information regarding a desired response? Effector A positive feedback system does which of the following? Strengthens or reinforces a change in a controlled condition In a negative feedback system in which high blood pressure is detected and reduced to restore homeostasis, which of the following steps represents the action of effectors? Heart rate slows and blood vessels dilate, decreasing blood pressure. Chemical Level Includes atoms and molecules cellular level includes cells, which are composed of chemicals and molecules tissue level includes groups of cells and the material surrounding them organ level composed of two or more different types of tissues system level includes related organs with a common function organism level complete organism including all levels In order from smallest to largest chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism a human stomach is an example of which of the following structural levels of organization organ Which of the following major chemical elements makes up most of the total human body mass? Oxygen Which of the following is one of the body's trace elements Nitrogen Which of the four major chemical elements in the body forms backbone chains and rings of all organic molecules Carbon What is the property of water that is described as the uneven sharing of valence electrons, which confers a partial negative charge near the one oxygen atom and two partial positive charges near the two hydrogen atoms in the molecule polarity What property of water makes it an ideal medium for metabolic reactions since it dissolves so many different substances? solvent What do enzymes do in the human body to speed up chemical reactions Increase the activation energy need for reaction What are the smallest units of matter that retain the properties and characteristics of a chemical element such as oxygen atoms Which of the cells main parts is a large organelle that houses most of the cells deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) Endoplasmic reticulum What organelles produce most of the energy needed for cellular function mitochondria What structure within a cell allows the selective transport of large molecules such as proteins to move between the nucleus and cytoplasm? plasma membrane what term is used to describe the development of a cell from an unspecialized to a specialized state? mitosis in what stage of the mitotic phase of cell division do the two new nuclear envelopes form around each chromatin mass and the nucleoli reappear metaphase during interphase, what takes place during the synthesis (S) stage of cell division centromeres are synthesized during cell division, in what stage of interphase does replication of most organelles and cytosolic components occur G2 (gap or growth) in what phase of the mitotic stage of cell division do microtubulins in the pericentriolar material start to form the mitotic spindle metaphase in the cycle of cell division there is the mitotic period and what other period prophase chemicals move from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration across the plasma membrane due to which of the following mechanisms electrical gradient most integral proteins in the plasma membrane are of what type amphipathic in what specific way do phospholipid molecules orient to form the bilayer of the plasma membrane with polar heads outward the lipid bilayer of a cell is permeable more readily to what type of particles nonpolar the electrical gradient of a cells plasma membrane is created by what difference between the two sides of the plasma membrane distribution of positively and negatively charged ions what transport process uses energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (atp) to pass substances through the plasma membrane carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion in carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion, what term describes what happens when a specific solute binds to a specific carrier (integral protein) gated why is channel-mediated facilitated diffusion slower than free (simple) diffusion transport through channels requires more energy in the transport process of endocytosis, what is used to form the vesicles plasma membrane in simple diffusion, how do substances move through the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane freely in channel-mediated facilitated diffusion, what term describes part of an integral protein and its function during diffusion of substances through the cells membrane concentration gradient in diffusion, how will smaller molecules behave compared to larger molecules they will diffuse more rapidly the influence of blood osmotic pressure on the water content of cells is an example of what general function of blood in the human body regulation what is a substance that contains atoms of two or more different elements a compound what do two or more atoms form when they share electrons an ion