Summary
Summary Notes on Blood glucose concentration - AQA A Level Biology
- Institution
- AQA
Summary Notes on Blood glucose concentration - AQA A Level Biology A* and A quality Mark scheme specific vocabulary AQA specific
[Show more]
Content preview
3.6.4.2 Control of blood glucose concentration – AQA A Level Biology Summary NotesFactors that influence blood glucose concentration
- Glucoregulation = negative feedback
Raise blood glucose Reduce blood glucose
Eating, digesting and absorbing Exercise – muscles respire rapidly so
carbohydrates (simple and complex) blood glucose level falls more quickly
Glucagon (hormone releases glucose from Insulin (hormone causes glucose to enter
glycogen stores) cells more rapidly and be stored as
glycogen)
Adrenaline (causes release of glucose)
Note: eating disaccharides will result in a quicker increase in blood glucose concentration
than eating polysaccharides due to smaller number of steps in digestion
The role of the liver in glycogenesis, glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
Pancreas makes and secretes the hormones glucagon and insulin
- Means pancreas has an endocrine function
Also has an exocrine function as enzymes are secreted via a duct into the small intestine
Note: endocrine tissue is surrounded by exocrine tissue
Alpha cells of pancreas release GLUCAGON (larger and lighter)
Beta cells of pancreas release INSULIN (smaller and darker)
Insulin
- Secreted by Beta cells of pancreas when blood glucose concentration is too high
- Causes a decrease in blood glucose concentration
- Acts only on target cells: muscle and liver cells (hepatocytes), which have
complementary receptors on cell surface membranes
Action of insulin
1) Insulin binds to specific complementary receptors on surfaces of target cells
(muscle/liver)
2) Controlling uptake of glucose by regulating inclusion of GLUT4 protien channels in
surface membrane of target cells
3) Glucose enters (cells) from blood by facilitated diffusion
4) Glucose either converted to glycogen by glycogenesis by enzymes OR converted to
fatty acids for storage
5) Insulin leads to higher metabolic rate in target cells (more respiration, more glucose
used up in glycolysis)
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller studytogether. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £4.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
57114 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now