AAB MT 2023/2024 EXAM REVIEW

AB MT 2023/2024 EXAM REVIEW All of the following donors would be permanently deferred EXCEPT which one? - CORRECT ANSWER-38-year-old male who received rabies vaccine after a dog bite 3 months ago All of the following donors would be permanently deferred: - CORRECT ANSWER-75- year-old male who had acute hepatitis 20 years ago following surgery, 19-y/o first-time donor who received human growth hormone 12 years ago, and a 24-y/o donor with a history of a positive test for Hepatitis C from another blood center. What is the interval between blood donations? - CORRECT ANSWER-8 weeks The oral temperature of a donor must not exceed which value? - CORRECT ANSWER37.5 degrees C What is the minimum acceptable hemoglobin for blood donors? - CORRECT ANSWER12.5 g/dL for allogeneic donors What is the lowest acceptable hematocrit for allogeneic donors? - CORRECT ANSWER-38% What donor meets the requirement for age, pulse, weight, and blood pressure? - CORRECT ANSWER-Age: 32, Pulse: 60, Weight (lb) 185, BP: 110/70 How long must a pregnant woman be deferred? - CORRECT ANSWER-6 weeks postpartum There is a 12-month deferment for each of the following donors: - CORRECT ANSWER-Donor received a blood transfusion, donor received a tattoo and body piercing, donor had sex with a person with hepatitis. There is a 12-month deferment for each of the following donors EXCEPT: - CORRECT ANSWER-Donor received the hepatitis B vaccine How long must a prospective donor with a history of malaria be deferred? - CORRECT ANSWER-3 years after cessation of treatment A lab tech who has a positive tuberculin skin test wants to donate blood. If he/she meets all the other criteria, how long is the deferral? - CORRECT ANSWER-No deferral as long as there is no other abnormality All of the following are causes of permanent donor deferral: - CORRECT ANSWERConfirmed HIV positive, family history of Creutzfedt-Jakob disease, and intravenous drug user All of the following are causes of permanent donor deferral EXCEPT: - CORRECT ANSWER-Donor received the hepatitis B vaccine Current testing on all donor blood must include testing for which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWER-Serological test for syphilis Which one of the following tests is not required by AABB and is therefore optional during donor blood testing? - CORRECT ANSWER-anti-HBc What is a commonly used screening method for the detection of HIV-1 antibodies? - CORRECT ANSWER-Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) Currently required viral hepatitis marker tests include all of the following: - CORRECT ANSWER-Anti-HCV, Anti-HBc, and HBsAg Currently required viral hepatitis marker tests include all of the following EXCEPT: - CORRECT ANSWER-anti-HAV When color coding is used for donor blood labels, what color is group A? - CORRECT ANSWER-Yellow Which infectious agent is least likely to be transmitted by a blood infection? - CORRECT ANSWER-HAV In the very early acute phase of hepatitis, which one of the following tests would be indicative of onset of a viremic state? - CORRECT ANSWER-HBsAg During the "window period," what is the only marker of HBV infection? - CORRECT ANSWER-Anti-HBc What is the minimum length of time that the patient's serum must remain positive for HBsAg before the individual is referred to as a chronic carrier? - CORRECT ANSWER-6 months Which viral agent causes the majority of cases of transfusion-associated hepatitis? - CORRECT ANSWER-HCV All of the following are required viral marker testing for the human immunodeficiency virus EXCEPT which one? - CORRECT ANSWER-HIV-1 p24 antigen Which virus can be deadly to immunocompromised patients or premature infants? - CORRECT ANSWER-CMV All of the following organisms have been implicated in bacterial contamination of donor blood products EXCEPT which one? - CORRECT ANSWER-Escherichia coli All of the following organisms have been implicated in bacterial contamination of donor blood products: - CORRECT ANSWER-Y. enterocolitica, C. freundii, and Pseudomonas putida Which one of the following parasites has NOT been transmitted by blood transfusion? - CORRECT ANSWER-Naegleria Which parasites have been transmitted by blood transfusion? - CORRECT ANSWERBabesia, Plasmodium, and Trypanosoma What is the acceptable temperature range for a blood bank refrigerator? - CORRECT ANSWER-1-6 degrees C According to FDA regulations, if blood is to be transported, then what temperature must be maintained during transportation? - CORRECT ANSWER-1-10 degrees C What is the expiration date of RBCs preserved with CPDA-1? - CORRECT ANSWER35 days What is the expiration date of RBCs preserved with ADSOL? - CORRECT ANSWER-42 days What is the shelf life of cryoprecipitated antihemolytic factor when stored at -18 degrees C or lower? - CORRECT ANSWER-1 year What is the shelf life of FFP that is stored at -18 degrees C or lower? - CORRECT ANSWER-1 year What is the optimum temperature for thawing FFP? - CORRECT ANSWER-30-37 degrees C What is the shelf life of platelet concentrates? - CORRECT ANSWER-5 days at 20-24 degrees C with constant agitation If the hermetic seal on a unit of packed RBCs has been broken, how soon must the product be used if stored in the blood bank refrigerator? - CORRECT ANSWER-24 hours Which biochemical change does NOT occur in stored blood? - CORRECT ANSWERPlasma K+ decreases Which biochemical changes occur in stored blood? - CORRECT ANSWER-Plasma pH decreases, plasma Na+ decreases, and 2,3-DPG decreases Which one of the following is NOT a labeling requirement of specimens for crossmatching? - CORRECT ANSWER-Ordering physician The following are labeling requirements of specimens for crossmatching? - CORRECT ANSWER-Collection date, patient's name, hospital number All of the following statements concerning autologous transfusions are true EXCEPT which one? - CORRECT ANSWER-There are no donor blood requirements for them All of the following statements concerning autologous transfusions are true: - CORRECT ANSWER-They prevent alloimmunization, they are the safest possible transfusions, and they eliminate the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections. In which autologous procedure is blood drawn and stored before the anticipated elective surgery? - CORRECT ANSWER-Preoperative collection For autologous blood donations, blood should not be drawn from the donor-patient within how many hours before the anticipated operation or transfusion? - CORRECT ANSWER-72 hours Which statement concerning the criteria for presurgical autologous donations is true? - CORRECT ANSWER-Donor hemoglobin must be at least 11.0 g/dL Which of the following pretransfusion tests must be determined for an autologous transfusion recipient? - CORRECT ANSWER-ABO/Rh testing What procedure involves the withdrawal of blood to obtain plasma abd subsequent reinfusion of the RBCs into the donor? - CORRECT ANSWER-Plasmapheresis Collection of plasma by pheresis more often than once every 8 weeks necessitates that which analyte(s) is(are) monitored at 4-month intervals? - CORRECT ANSWER-Total protein After donating a unit of whole blood, how long must a donor wait before he/she is eligible for plateletpheresis? - CORRECT ANSWER-72 hours How long must a plasmapheresis donor wait before donating whole blood? - CORRECT ANSWER-48 hours What is the separation of WBCs by reversible filtration or centrifugation called? - CORRECT ANSWER-Leukapheresis Different genes that occupy a specific locus of a chromosome are called: - CORRECT ANSWER-Alleles Which description best describes an amorph? - CORRECT ANSWER-Gene with no directly observable product What term is used to describe two identical alleles at a particular locus? - CORRECT ANSWER-Homozygous Which term best describes most blood group genes? - CORRECT ANSWERCodominant Which term best describes the gene inheritance of most blood group systems? - CORRECT ANSWER-Autosomal codominant Which one of the following stimulates the production of antibodies? - CORRECT ANSWER-Antigen What term best describes antibodies that are produced after exposure to foreign antigens that are stimulated by transfusion or pregnancy? - CORRECT ANSWERAlloantibodies The initial response to a foreign antigen is known as the primary response. The primary response usually takes how long to occur? - CORRECT ANSWER-2-6 months What term is used to describe the secondary response to the same foreign antigen characterized by a rapid increase in antibody synthesis? - CORRECT ANSWERAnamnestic response Which immunoglobulin class is produced by transfusion or pregnancy? - CORRECT ANSWER-IgG If a mother passes an antibody to her fetus through the placenta, what type of immunity does the fetus have? - CORRECT ANSWER-Naturally acquired passive immunity All of the following statements concerning complement are true EXCEPT: - CORRECT ANSWER-It shows dosage effect with homozygous cells. All of the following statements concerning complement are true: - CORRECT ANSWERIt is a group of at least nine plasma proteins, it causes hemolysis of RBCs, and it is activated by both IgG and IgM Which blood group system was discovered first? - CORRECT ANSWER-ABO Which gene codes for the enzyme L-fucosyltransferase? - CORRECT ANSWER-H gene An individual inherited the following genes: Sese Hh AO. Which of the following soluble antigens would be detectable in the saliva? - CORRECT ANSWER-A and H Which system is composed of antigens found primarily in the saliva and plasma? - CORRECT ANSWER-Lewis Mixed-field reaction with anti-A reagent and a negative reaction with anti-A1 lectin are observed. These results are most consistent with which A subgroup? - CORRECT ANSWER-A3 Which one of the following antibodies will NOT be detected in the serum of a Bombay genotype? - CORRECT ANSWER-anti-Oh Naturally occurring antibodies are found in which blood group system? - CORRECT ANSWER-ABO Immune antibodies are stimulated by all of the following EXCEPT which one? - CORRECT ANSWER-Immune system reacting to the environment RBCs of which blood group react most strongly with anti-H? - CORRECT ANSWER-O What is the frequency of Group A individuals in the US population? - CORRECT ANSWER-41% Which statement is true concerning group B individuals? - CORRECT ANSWER-Anti-A in their serum What is the standard acceptable color for anti-A grouping serum? - CORRECT ANSWER-Blue What is the color of the dye added to the commercially prepared anti-B blood grouping serum? - CORRECT ANSWER-Yellow Which reagent is made from the seeds of the plant Dolichos biflorus - CORRECT ANSWER-anti-A1 RBCs of which blood group will not be agglutinated by anti-A,B serum? - CORRECT ANSWER-O Which statement is true concerning anti-A,B - CORRECT ANSWER-It is used to confirm group O individuals What reagents are routinely used in forward grouping? - CORRECT ANSWER-Anti-A, anti-B What is the principle of reverse grouping? - CORRECT ANSWER-Manufactured RBCs are used to detect naturally occurring antibodies The following reactions were observed during routine ABO typing: Anti-A Anti-B A cells B cells 0 3+ 0 0 What is the most probable blood group of this neonate? - CORRECT ANSWER-Group B The following reactions were obtained during ABO typing: Anti-A Anti-B A1 cells B cells 3+ 3+ 2+ 0 Additional results revealed the following: Anti-A1 lectin A2 cells 0 0 The best explanation for these results is: - CORRECT ANSWER-A2B person with antiA1 The blood phenotype O can results from which of the following genotypes? - CORRECT ANSWER-OO If a heterozygous group A mates with a heterozygous group B, then what are the possible phenotypes of their offspring? - CORRECT ANSWER-A, B, AB, O A group O mother and Group AB father have what probability of producing offspring that are group A? - CORRECT ANSWER-50% All of the following statements concerning Rh antibodies are true: - CORRECT ANSWER-Are acquired from transfusion or pregnancy, react more strongly at 37 degrees C than at 22 degrees C, can cause hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) All of the following statements concerning Rh antibodies are true EXCEPT: - CORRECT ANSWER-Are frequently noted to be cold agglutinins Which theory postulates that the antigens of the Rh system were produced by three closely linked sets of alleles? - CORRECT ANSWER-Fisher-Race What is the frequency of the D antigen? - CORRECT ANSWER-85% Which Rh antigen is an amorph? - CORRECT ANSWER-d Anti-c can be formed by persons with which genotype? - CORRECT ANSWER-R1R1 Which antigen is most commonly tested for in the Rh system? - CORRECT ANSWER-D