, Chapter 01
Test Bank
1. Which of the following has influenced U.S. Supreme Court decisions related to juvenile crime?
A. behavioral research on human development
B. statistical research on judicial decisions
C. research undertaken by mental health professionals
D. research undertaken by educators in various fields
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe why it is important to understand research methods.
Topic: Importance of Research Methods
2. Which of the following is most likely to be a problem associated with intuition?
A. unquestioningly accepting one's own personal judgment
B. finding an explanation for one's own behavior or the behaviors of others
C. explaining the intriguing events that one may observe
D. drawing erroneous conclusions based on cognitive or motivational biases
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Intuition
3. _____ is a cognitive bias that occurs when a person focuses on two events that stand out and occur together.
A. Skepticism
B. Falsifiability
C. Illusory correlation
D. Temporal precedence
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Intuition
4. When a person accepts unquestioningly what his or her own personal judgment tells about the world, he or she is relying
on
A. skepticism.
B. authority.
C. intuition.
D. science.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Intuition
5. Many people readily accept anything they learn from religious figures or government officials because of their belief in
A. skepticism.
B. authority.
C. pseudoscience.
D. empiricism.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Authority
6. Accepting the information in a professor's lecture without considering the credibility of the information exemplifies a
belief in
A. intuition.
1-1
Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent
of McGraw-Hill Education.
,B. authority.
C. scientific evidence.
D. skepticism.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Authority
7. Which of the following statements is true of the scientific approach to acquiring knowledge?
A. Scientists accept the pronouncements of anyone on faith.
B. Scientists do not rely on intuition and assertions of authorities for research ideas.
C. A person can accept on faith the statements of any authority.
D. Intuition, anecdote, and authority can be sources of ideas about behavior.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Empiricism
8. Nathan, a consumer, has decided to buy a bike this month because he feels that the price of that bike will increase in the
future. Nathan has made his decision based on
A. anecdotes.
B. skepticism.
C. intuition.
D. facts.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychology
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty Level: Hard
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Intuition
9. Which of the following is an advantage of the scientific approach over other ways of knowing about the world?
A. eliminating the need for evidence before drawing scientific conclusions
B. ruling out intuition, anecdote, and authority as sources of ideas about behavior
C. providing an objective set of rules for gathering, evaluating, and reporting information
D. rejecting the idea that numerous cognitive and motivational biases affect our perceptions
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Scientific Approach
10. Scientific _____ means that ideas must be evaluated on the basis of careful logic and results from scientific
investigations.
A. fanaticism
B. didacticism
C. radicalism
D. skepticism
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Scientific Skepticism
11. Scientists often rely on intuition and assertions of authorities to
A. generate ideas for research.
B. draw conclusions about behavior.
C. set rules for evaluating and reporting information.
D. ensure that flawed research does not become part of scientific literature.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains
Blooms: Remember
1-2
Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent
of McGraw-Hill Education.
, Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Scientific Approach
12. _____ is the idea that knowledge comes from observations.
A. Fanaticism
B. Didacticism
C. Empiricism
D. Skepticism
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Empiricism
13. According to Goodstein (2000), identify the characteristic of scientific inquiry that emphasizes that if an idea is falsified
when it is tested, science is thereby advanced because this result will spur the development of new and better ideas.
A. Data play a central role.
B. Scientists are not alone.
C. Science is adversarial.
D. Scientific evidence is peer reviewed.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Scientific Approach
14. Identify the fundamental characteristic of the scientific approach.
A. precedence
B. covariation
C. falsifiability
D. empiricism
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Empiricism
15. According to Goodstein (2000), which characteristic of scientific enquiry emphasizes that a study should be looked at by
scientists who have the expertise to carefully evaluate the study before it is published in a top-quality scientific journal?
A. Scientific evidence is peer-reviewed.
B. Science is adversarial.
C. Data play a central role.
D. Scientists are not alone.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Scientific Approach
16. An empirical approach to science requires that
A. scientific observations be accurately reported to other scientists and the public.
B. scientists accept on faith the pronouncements of anyone.
C. knowledge come from observations.
D. ideas be evaluated on the basis of intuitions.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Scientific Approach
17. What is the first thing to be asked to a person who claims to be a scientist before accepting what he or she has to say?
A. credentials of the individual
B. funding source of the individual
1-3
Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent
of McGraw-Hill Education.
Test Bank
1. Which of the following has influenced U.S. Supreme Court decisions related to juvenile crime?
A. behavioral research on human development
B. statistical research on judicial decisions
C. research undertaken by mental health professionals
D. research undertaken by educators in various fields
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe why it is important to understand research methods.
Topic: Importance of Research Methods
2. Which of the following is most likely to be a problem associated with intuition?
A. unquestioningly accepting one's own personal judgment
B. finding an explanation for one's own behavior or the behaviors of others
C. explaining the intriguing events that one may observe
D. drawing erroneous conclusions based on cognitive or motivational biases
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Intuition
3. _____ is a cognitive bias that occurs when a person focuses on two events that stand out and occur together.
A. Skepticism
B. Falsifiability
C. Illusory correlation
D. Temporal precedence
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Intuition
4. When a person accepts unquestioningly what his or her own personal judgment tells about the world, he or she is relying
on
A. skepticism.
B. authority.
C. intuition.
D. science.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Intuition
5. Many people readily accept anything they learn from religious figures or government officials because of their belief in
A. skepticism.
B. authority.
C. pseudoscience.
D. empiricism.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Authority
6. Accepting the information in a professor's lecture without considering the credibility of the information exemplifies a
belief in
A. intuition.
1-1
Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent
of McGraw-Hill Education.
,B. authority.
C. scientific evidence.
D. skepticism.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Authority
7. Which of the following statements is true of the scientific approach to acquiring knowledge?
A. Scientists accept the pronouncements of anyone on faith.
B. Scientists do not rely on intuition and assertions of authorities for research ideas.
C. A person can accept on faith the statements of any authority.
D. Intuition, anecdote, and authority can be sources of ideas about behavior.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Empiricism
8. Nathan, a consumer, has decided to buy a bike this month because he feels that the price of that bike will increase in the
future. Nathan has made his decision based on
A. anecdotes.
B. skepticism.
C. intuition.
D. facts.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychology
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty Level: Hard
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Intuition
9. Which of the following is an advantage of the scientific approach over other ways of knowing about the world?
A. eliminating the need for evidence before drawing scientific conclusions
B. ruling out intuition, anecdote, and authority as sources of ideas about behavior
C. providing an objective set of rules for gathering, evaluating, and reporting information
D. rejecting the idea that numerous cognitive and motivational biases affect our perceptions
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Scientific Approach
10. Scientific _____ means that ideas must be evaluated on the basis of careful logic and results from scientific
investigations.
A. fanaticism
B. didacticism
C. radicalism
D. skepticism
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Scientific Skepticism
11. Scientists often rely on intuition and assertions of authorities to
A. generate ideas for research.
B. draw conclusions about behavior.
C. set rules for evaluating and reporting information.
D. ensure that flawed research does not become part of scientific literature.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains
Blooms: Remember
1-2
Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent
of McGraw-Hill Education.
, Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Scientific Approach
12. _____ is the idea that knowledge comes from observations.
A. Fanaticism
B. Didacticism
C. Empiricism
D. Skepticism
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Empiricism
13. According to Goodstein (2000), identify the characteristic of scientific inquiry that emphasizes that if an idea is falsified
when it is tested, science is thereby advanced because this result will spur the development of new and better ideas.
A. Data play a central role.
B. Scientists are not alone.
C. Science is adversarial.
D. Scientific evidence is peer reviewed.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Scientific Approach
14. Identify the fundamental characteristic of the scientific approach.
A. precedence
B. covariation
C. falsifiability
D. empiricism
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Empiricism
15. According to Goodstein (2000), which characteristic of scientific enquiry emphasizes that a study should be looked at by
scientists who have the expertise to carefully evaluate the study before it is published in a top-quality scientific journal?
A. Scientific evidence is peer-reviewed.
B. Science is adversarial.
C. Data play a central role.
D. Scientists are not alone.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Scientific Approach
16. An empirical approach to science requires that
A. scientific observations be accurately reported to other scientists and the public.
B. scientists accept on faith the pronouncements of anyone.
C. knowledge come from observations.
D. ideas be evaluated on the basis of intuitions.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe the scientific approach to understanding behavior, and contrast it with pseudoscientific research.
Topic: Scientific Approach
17. What is the first thing to be asked to a person who claims to be a scientist before accepting what he or she has to say?
A. credentials of the individual
B. funding source of the individual
1-3
Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent
of McGraw-Hill Education.
