Mesa Airlines (Hazardous Weather Indoc)2023/2024 updated to pass

Mesa Airlines (Hazardous Weather Indoc) Explain what is meant by the "Clean Aircraft Concept" - correct answer GOM C-3 (Departure) To ensure aircraft are free of frost, ice or snow contamination. Describe Type 1 fluid - correct answer GOM C-8 Type 1 Deicing fluid is a mixture of glycol and water. Type I fluids are thin fluids and are primarily used as deicing agents only. Diluted with water and heated prior to application, they provide very limited holdover protection during frozen precipitant conditions. This fluid is orange or clear in color. Describe Type 2, 3, and 4 fluids. - correct answer GOM C-9 (Mx), C-10 (Charter/Supplemental Operations) Type II Deicing/Anti-icing Fluid provide protection against refreezing under falling precipitation which forms a pseudo-plastic film on the aircraft surface. When anti-icing is required, the minimum application will be to the wings and empennage of the aircraft. Application to the fuselage is restricted to overnight or extended holds only. Type III Deicing/Anti-Icing Fluid has properties that lie between Types I and II. It provides a longer holdover time than Type I but less than Type II. Type IV Deicing/Anti-Icing Fluid has a glycol content of at least 50% plus a thickener system which forms a pseudo-plastic film on the aircraft surface and is to be considered 100% for holdover calculations and therefore cannot be diluted with water. Explain what must be done if the hold over time expires - correct answer FAR Section 121.629(3)(iii) The wings, control surfaces, and other critical surfaces need to be re-deiced and a new holdover time must calculated. What must be done if Type 4 fluid is applied unevenly to the aircraft. - correct answer The de-ice/anti-ice process must be repeated. Explain what factors determine the effectiveness of deicing fluid - correct answer GOM C-7 (1) wind force and direction (2) amount and type of precipitation (3) temperature (4) activities taking place around the aircraft When does a hold over time begin? - correct answer GOM C-10 Hold Over Time starts at the beginning of the application with one-step de/anti-icing and with the beginning of the anti-icing process with two-step de/anti-icing. Explain a Pre-takeoff check. When must it be done? Can it be done from inside the cockpit? - correct answer GOM C-13 (APPENDIX) A check of the aircraft's wings for frost, ice or snow conducted within the aircraft's holdover time. This step is integral to the use of holdover times. This check can be performed by either the crew, or by qualified deicing personnel. Describe some of the effects of snow, ice, or frost while on the ground - correct answer GOM APPENDIX C.3 - C.4 (1) Increased Weight This could cause an aircraft to exceed its maximum allowable weight limitations or produce an excessive fuel burn, which may require an unscheduled landing. (2) Loss of Lift/Increased Drag Snow, ice or frost on the leading edge and wing surfaces increases drag and reduces lift on the aircraft. This increases the stall speed and cause reduced controllability, making flight difficult or impossible. (3) Loss of Control Ice deposits on control surfaces, such as the rudder, elevators, ailerons, and trim tabs can restrict or prohibit their movement. (4) Loss of Critical Sensing Devices Ice or snow blocking pitot probes, static port, engine pressure sensing probes, and other inlets can cause errors in critical instrument readings. What type of braking action report will cause Mesa to suspend operations?