aPHR Study Kit Questions and Answers

aPHR Study Kit Questions and Answers Sherman Anti-trust Act (1890) - Answer ️️ ---curbed concentrations of power that interfere with trade and reduce economic competition by regulating monopolies and trade; protects free trade --applied to unions in early days because they were seen as a monopolizing power --forbade any "restraint of commerce" across state lines, and courts ruled that union strikes and boycotts were included Clayton Act (1914) - Answer ️️ ---modified the Sherman Anti-trust Act by making illegal certain business practices that are conducive to the formation of monopolies or that result from them, like anticompetitive mergers and acquisitions. --section 6 specifically exempted labor union and agricultural organizations from the Sherman Antitrust Act which effectively legalized boycotts, peaceful strikes, and peaceful picketing against companies Railway Labor Act (1926) - Answer ️️ ---created to allow railway employees to organize into labor unions --amended to include Airlines engaged in interstate commerce in 1936. --covered employees are encouraged to use the National Mediation Board (NMB) --puts limits on strikes; mandated that when disputes arise they must "work now and grieve later". --presidential involvement and cooling off periods if arbitration fails and there is a threat to US economy, trade, transportation needs National Mediation Board (NMB) - Answer ️️ ---Permanent independent agency that coordinates labor-management relations within the U.S. railroads and airlines industries (those covered by the Railway Labor Act) Davis-Bacon Act (1931) - Answer ️️ ---Requires contractors and subcontractors on federally funded/assisted projects worth more than $2000 in the US to pay wages and fringe benefits at least equal to those in the local area where the work is performed --Allows apprentices to be paid less under certain circumstances Norris-La Guardia Act (1932) - Answer ️️ ---Prohibited and made yellow-dog contracts unenforceable in federal cour