ARE 112 Final (Study List for ARE 112 Final) with Complete Solutions!!

Coercive Power - ANSWER-the power to punish Legitimate Power - ANSWER-the power granted by some authority Expert Power - ANSWER-the power of having some specific skill or knowledge not found in others Referent Power - ANSWER-the power from admiration or respect Reward Power - ANSWER-the power from being able to provide a reward to others Change Management - ANSWER-used to effect change - crossover and phase approaches are examples Why Change Occurs - ANSWER-1. Dissatisfaction with the present situation 2. External pressures toward change 3. Momentum toward change Threats to the Change Process - ANSWER-1. Degree of Change 2. Time Frame 3. Impact of Culture 4. Loss of Existing Benefits 5. Threat to Position Power 6. Threat to Security 7. Redistribution of Power 8. Disturb Existing Social Networks 9. Uncertainty Regarding Change 10. Disruption of Routine Phase Method - ANSWER-Method of Change Management 1. Unfreezing - Preparing for Change 2. Changing 3. Refreezing - Stabilizing the Change Crossover Method - ANSWER-Method of Change Management Immediate change, usually used for simple, intuitive tasks Changes are typically embraced Change Strategies - ANSWER-1. Force-Coercion 2. Rational Persuasion 3. Shared Power Force-Coercion - ANSWER-Uses coercive, legitimate, and reward power Rational Persuasion - ANSWER-Uses expertise power Shared Power - ANSWER-Uses referent power Headcount - ANSWER-Number of people employed - used in HR systems Dashboard - ANSWER-Used in IT - displays necessary and useful information "at a glance" SKA's - ANSWER-Skills Knowledge Abilities Skills - ANSWER-Can be trained Knowledge - ANSWER-Can be taught Abilities - ANSWER-Inherent, cannot be taught or trained Most valuable Business Process Reengineering - ANSWER-Changing processes; conscious changes Restructuring - ANSWER-Reorganizing the legal, ownership, operational, or other structures of an organization for optimizing reasons: profits, bankruptcy, mergers, spinoffs, government regulations, financing, rebranding Downsizing - ANSWER-Doing the same thing, but less of it Rightsizing - ANSWER-Moving existing parts to the right places Smartsizing - ANSWER-Doing the same thing, but smarter Suboptimization - ANSWER-Optimizing one part of the business at the expense of others Protected Classes (at least 4) - ANSWER-1. All persons of color 2. National origin 3. Gender, including pregnancy but not sexual orientation 4. Religion 5. Disabilities 6. Age Theories of Discrimination - ANSWER-1. Adverse or disparate treatment 2. Adverse or disparate impact Adverse or Disparate Treatment - ANSWER-Explicit discrimination against a protected class Adverse or Disparate Impact - ANSWER-Implicit discrimination against a protected class Types of Harassment - ANSWER-1. Sexual 2. Racial/ethnic Exempt and Nonexempt Employees - ANSWER-Has to do with labor standards Exempt = Not subject to overtime wages Nonexempt = Subject to overtime wages Independent Contractors - ANSWER-ARE 18 Structured/Programmed Decision - ANSWER-Easy to make, driven by a simple set of rules Can be automated Unstructured/Unprogrammed decision - ANSWER-Harder to make, more complicated, not driven by a simple set of rules Cannot be automated Characteristics of the Decision Environment (at least 4) - ANSWER-1. Bounded rationality 2. Risk 3. Uncertainty 4. Information symmetry 5. Ambiguous information 6. Time constraints 7. Information costs