EPPP Clinical Psychology (PrepJet) Case Study #1

4 steps in Psychoanalysis - correct answer 1. Confrontation: Help clients see their behaviors that have been hidden from them and their possible causes. 2. Clarification: Bring those behaviors into sharper focus by honing in on the most important details. 3. Interpretation: Directly connecting conscious behaviors to unconscious processes 4. Working through: results from repeatedly interpreting and having catharsis, leads to a gradual process where people gain new insights. Adler's Individual Psychology - correct answer We are motivated by our goals in life rather than by unconscious forces. We are also motivated by feelings of inferiority which leads to striving for superiority Style of Life (Adler) - correct answer specific ways person compensates for inferiority & to achieve superiority object constancy - correct answer the development of mental representations (introjects) of the self and objects that allow the individual to value an object for reasons other than its ability to satisfy the individual's needs. 3 Stages of Object Constancy - correct answer 1. Normal Autistic stage: happens in the first few weeks of life, infants are totally unaware of their external environment. 2. Normal Symbiotic Stage: Infants become aware of external environment but cant differentiate (separate) themselves from their caregiver 3. Separation individuation: begins at 5 months and continues until the child is 3 years old. Consists of 4 substages where object constancy gradually develops a. Differentiation b. Practicing c. Rapproachment d. Beginning of object constancy Gestalt Therapy - correct answer People are motivated by maintain homeostasis, which is disrupted by unmet needs. They seek to obtain something from the environment to meet those needs. Maladjustment results from boundary disturbances. Gestalt boundary disturbances - correct answer 1. Introjection (swallowing up): People adopt others perspectives and beliefs without questioning them. 2. Projection: People project out undesirable things onto other people 3. Retroflection: people do to themselves what they want to do to others, like cutting. 4. Deflection: People avoid contact with the environment 5. Confluence: When people blur the distinction between themselves and others. Gestalt Therapy techniques - correct answer All about gaining AWARENESS. Empty chair technique, dreamwork, or to resolved "unfinished business" with a significant person in their life. Help them distinguish between their. Help them distinguish between transference fantasy vs. reality. Existensial Therapy 4 areas of disturbance - correct answer § Death § Freedom § Isolation § Meaningless Two Types of Anxiety (existential Therapy) - correct answer 1) Normal (existential anxiety) related to legitimate objective threats. Does NOT involve repression And 2) Neurotic anxiety, disproportionate, involves repression. Neurotic anxiety keeps people from reaching their full potential Reality Therapy (Glasser)- 5 basic needs - correct answer Based on Choice theory. People have 5 basic innate needs. How they meet these needs determines if they have a success or failure identity 1. Love and belonging 2. Power 3. Fun 4. Freedom 5. Survival Wubboldings WDEP system - correct answer Strategy for getting someone to adopt a success identity. Ask about Wants and Needs See what they are Doing to foster awareness of behaviors Encourage clients to Evaluate his/her own behaviors, and Help them create a Plan of action Seligmann's PERMA model - correct answer describes the 5 essential elements of well-being (positive psychology) Positive Emotions: experiencing pleasure, hope, gratitude, love and other positive emotions Engagement: Refers to being truly engaged, characterized by Flow- total Relationships Meaning: being dedicated to a cause bigger than oneself Accomplishment-achievement Personal Construct Therapy: (Kelly) - correct answer Focuses on how people construe events and tries to change them. Personal constructs, involve bipolar dimensions of meaning like fair/unfair, friend/enemy. Developed fixed role therapy to help clients try out alternative constructs, like playing out a fictional character who doesn't suck as much as you do. 3 Stages of Interpersonal Psychotherapy - correct answer 1. Initial Stage: Determine diagnosis and interpersonal context of symptoms. For depression, problem areas are interpersonal role disputes, interpersonal role transitions, interpersonal deficits, and grief. a. During this stage, they are assigned the "sick role" -allows them to just be sick without blaming themselves. Helps them view their condition as temporary and treatable. 2. Middle Phase: Use strategies to treat the problem, like encouragement of affect, role-playing, communication analysis, and decision analysis. 3. Final Stage: Address issues related to termination and relapse prevention.