CPH Full Study Guide Questions And Answers 100% Solved

CPH Full Study Guide Questions And Answers 100% Solved Select the qualitative method that collects data through a simultaneous conversation with a group of people. informant interviews urse analysis ys groups - answer groups A district health department is trying to decide whether to invest in interpretation services and translated materials to address local language barriers, address needs of limited English proficient (LEP) clients and meet Federal requirements. The Four Factor Analysis-to guide LHDs in meeting these mandates and to provide recommendations for providing translated materials and interpretation services- is part of a 1.National Standards for Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services (CLAS) Assessment 2.Language Needs Assessment 3.Health Resource Access Assessment 4.Community Literacy Assessment - answer2.Language Needs Assessment Waiting until a program or intervention is complete to begin evaluation activities misses important and valuable opportunities for what type of evaluation? 1.Outcome and impact evaluation 2.Summative evaluation 3.Process evaluation 4.Participant evaluation - answer3.Process evaluation Total coliform and E. coli counts are performed in routine monitoring of drinking water reservoirs because: 1.These bacteria commonly cause gastrointestinal infection in humans. 2.They are a more easily grown indicator of Legionella spp. contamination. 3.Outdated laws require heterotrophic plate count monitoring of water. 4.Their numbers give general indication of a water supply's sanitary condition. - answer4.Their numbers give general indication of a water supply's sanitary condition. The logic model that has been the dominant paradigm representing types of information that may be collected to draw inferences about quality of care provided by a healthcare system has been: 1.Donabedian's model 2.Shewart's PDCA 3.Theory of Change 4.Web of Causation - answer1.Donabedian's model The difference between primary and secondary prevention of disease is: 1.Primary prevention focuses on control of causal factors, while secondary prevention focuses on control of symptoms 2.Primary prevention focuses on control of acute disease, while secondary prevention focuses on control of chronic disease 3.Primary prevention focuses on control of causal factors, while secondary prevention focuses on early detection and treatment of disease 4.Primary prevention focuses on increasing resistance to disease, while secondary prevention focuses on decreasing exposure to disease - answer3.Primary prevention focuses on control of causal factors, while secondary prevention focuses on early detection and treatment of disease A case-control study reported an odds ratio of approximately 50 for the relationship of microcephaly to congenital Zika virus infection. This evidence for causality is called: 1.Strength of Association 2.Consistency 3.Temporality 4.Biological Gradient - answer1.Strength of Association Can federal environmental laws allow States to make parallel environmental laws? 1.Yes, if more stringent than federal standards 2.Yes, if less stringent than federal standards 3.Yes, if no less stringent than federal standards 4.No, states may not make their own environmental laws where federal laws exist - answer3.Yes, if no less stringent than federal standards New to your leadership position, you realize that two of the programs you manage have similar functions, and work with the same population in the same area. Data trends over the past 5 years suggest that the health condition has improved significantly. You decide that only one program is needed to provide the necessary services to the community. This is an example of: 1.An analysis to justify and allocate resources 2.Applying a health equity and social justice lens 3.Strategic planning 4.Community Health Needs Assessment - answer1.An analysis to justify and allocate resources Which of these has been defined as a core function of public health? 1.Maintaining the census to define populations 2.Consulting stakeholders to decide what best serves public interest 3.Conducting research to solve all population health problems 4.Acting in an ethical manner - answer2.Consulting stakeholders to decide what best serves public interest Drug therapy for individuals who have screened positive for tuberculosis (TB) infection, but do not have any TB symptoms, is considered which type of prevention for TB disease? 1.Primary 2.Secondary 3.Tertiary 4.Quaternary - answer2.Secondary An anti-vaccine group is pressuring government to stop requiring vaccination of children because the disease incidence rate has become very low. The health department is defending the vaccination stance and looking for a way to explain this to legislators. In terms of systems theory, the relationship over time between required vaccination and decrease in incidence rate is a: 1.Positive feedback loop 2.Outflow effect 3.Negative feedback loop 4.Inflow effect - answer3.Negative feedback loop Which of the following processes from the Transtheoretical Model refers to substituting healthy behaviors for unhealthy ones? 1.Stimulus control 2.Consciousness raising 3.Reinforcement management 4.Counter-conditioning - answer4.Counter-conditioning Exposures to negative situations such as a parent who smokes, sedentary lifestyle, high levels of alcohol consumption, and unprotected sex can increase the likelihood of developing disease or injury and poor health outcomes. Such exposures are often referred to as: 1.Risk factors 2.Environmental factors 3.Socioeconomic factors 4.Community factors - answer1.Risk factors A key characteristic of action research or community based participatory research (CBPR) include: 1.Securing local community IRB approvals for the project and informed consent 2.Embracing the community as a full and equal research partner 3.Presenting a well thought out research and analysis plan to the community 4.Partnering with law makers to ensure health improvements in the community - answer2.Embracing the community as a full and equal research partner Which of the following water-borne disease organisms is very difficult to kill by chemical disinfection of drinking and/or recreational water supply systems and has caused major US disease outbreaks? 1.Vibrio cholerae (causes cholera) 2.Cryptosporidium (causes Cryptosporidiosis) 3.Giardia lamblia (causes Giardiasis) 4.Escherichia coli (causes acute gastroenteritis) - answer2.Cryptosporidium (causes Cryptosporidiosis) Which of the following pairs of values are most likely to conflict during a response to a public health emergency? 1.Truth-telling versus community welfare 2.Beneficence versus justice 3.Individual autonomy versus community welfare 4.Community welfare versus justice - answer3.Individual autonomy versus community welfare Based upon experience of the most successful and visionary organizations, for a new program what is the most important step in building an effective staff? 1.Hire people who fit the culture of the program. 2.Consistent disciplinary action to shape team performance. 3.Regularly scheduled extra-curricular team-building retreats. 4.Very detailed policy and procedure manuals. - answer1.Hire people who fit the culture of the program. Which of the following best characterizes the contingency theory of leadership? 1.The leader's authority is contingent upon subordinates 2.The leader's effectiveness depends upon factors in the leadership context 3.The leader's effectiveness depends upon the technical competency of staff 4.The leader's authority is contingent upon formal rules and sanctions - answer2.The leader's effectiveness depends upon factors in the leadership context The primary disadvantage of incremental program budgeting is: 1.It makes comparison from one year to the next difficult 2.It requires the justification of all dollars allocated 3.It requires far more time and effort than zero-based budgeting (ZBB) 4.It may not reflect the current programmatic priorities of the organization - answer4.It may not reflect the current programmatic priorities of the organization In the design and implementation of public health data systems, installing security features should be: ent in privacy by design at all stages. 2.a task separately done by an expert cybersecurity team. ed to firewalls and administrative control. final step before release of software systems. - answerent in privacy by design at all stages. Using a qualitative evaluation method would be most useful in which of the following scenarios? The researcher is: rily concerned with the generalizability of the results. ested in capturing the context of program participation and the participants' stories. rned with ease of analysis and interpretation of data ring outcomes for a group participating in a program to the outcomes for a similar group not receiving the program - answerested in capturing the context of program participation and the participants' stories. Which of the following is defined as a community's ability to survive, adapt and thrive? 1.Community capital 2.Community development 3.Community organization 4.Community capacity - answer4.Community capacity In a state with a state-directed public health organization, the State Commissioner of Health has notified health districts to close health department dental programs in response to a state legislature vote to defund and discontinue health department dental services. The district health department has identified dental services as a leading community health need. To help assure continued access to services, the best first step is to: op a list of possible service venues and proposals to secure financial support, and present them to the Commissioner's office. op agreements with local providers or organizations for the provision of dental services. 3.Continue the dental program in-house at the local health department, since it was already financially sustainable and heavily utilized. e implementation of contracts and other agreements with community partners to provide community dental services. - answerop a list of possible service venues and proposals to secure financial support, and present them to the Commissioner's office. An incremental approach to program planning in public health: 1.Uses multiple sources and methods to collect similar information 2.Provides an intensive, detailed description and analysis of a single project 3.Produces a plan where the specification of every step depends upon the results of previous steps