Bio 93 Midterm Review Questions With 100% Correct Solutions.

Which of the following properties or processes do we associate with living things? A) evolutionary adaptations B) energy processing C) responding to the environment D) growth and reproduction E) all of the above - Answer-e The lowest level of biological organization that can perform all the activities required for life is the A) organelle-for example, a chloroplast. B) cell-for example, a skin cell. C) tissue-for example, nervous tissue. D) organ system-for example, the reproductive system. E) organism-for example, an amoeba, dog, human, or maple tree. - Answer-b A covalent chemical bond is one in which A) electrons are removed from one atom and transferred to another atom so that the two atoms become oppositely charged. B) protons and neutrons are shared by two atoms so as to satisfy the requirements of both atoms. C) outer-shell electrons of two atoms are shared so as to satisfactorily fill the outer electron shells of both atoms. D) outer-shell electrons of one atom are transferred to the inner electron shells of another atom. E) the inner-shell electrons of one atom are transferred to the outer shell of another atom. - Answerc The ionic bond of sodium chloride is formed when A) chlorine gains an electron from sodium. B) sodium and chlorine share an electron pair. C) sodium and chlorine both lose electrons from their outer valence shells. D) sodium gains an electron from chlorine.E) chlorine gains a proton from sodium. - Answer-a Which of the following explains most specifically the attraction of water molecules to one another? A) nonpolar covalent bond B) polar covalent bond C) ionic bond D) hydrogen bond E) hydrophobic interaction - Answer-d Hydrophobic substances such as vegetable oil are A) nonpolar substances that repel water molecules. B) nonpolar substances that have an attraction for water molecules. C) polar substances that repel water molecules. D) polar substances that have an affinity for water. E) charged molecules that hydrogen-bond with water molecules. - Answer-a Which of the following statements is true about buffer solutions? A) They maintain a constant pH when bases are added to them but not when acids are added to them. B) They maintain a constant pH when acids are added to them but not when bases are added to them. C) They maintain a constant pH of exactly 7 in all living cells and biological fluids. D) They maintain a relatively constant pH when either acids or bases are added to them. E) They are found only in living systems and biological fluids. - Answer-d Which is the best description of a carbonyl group? A) an oxygen joined to a carbon by a single covalent bond B) a nitrogen and two hydrogens joined to a carbon by covalent bonds C) a carbon joined to two hydrogens by single covalent bonds D) a sulfur and a hydrogen joined to a carbon by covalent bondsE) a carbon atom joined to an oxygen by a double covalent bond - Answer-e Which of the following contains nitrogen in addition to carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen? A) an alcohol such as ethanol B) a monosaccharide such as glucose C) a steroid such as testosterone D) an amino acid such as glycine E) a hydrocarbon such as benzene - Answer-d