Inflammation Process - N5315 Advanced Pathophysiology Verified Answers

Inflammation Process - N5315 Advanced Pathophysiology Verified Answers Cellular injury What precipitates the inflammatory process? Mast cell degranulation, activation of the coagulation cascade, activation of the kinin cascade, release of chemotactic factors, and the activation of the complement cascade What are the first 5 steps of the inflammatory process? Functions include bacterial lysis, vasodilation and increased vascular permeability, triggers mast cell degranulation, chemotaxis, and opsonization What is the function of complement? Bradykinin What is kinin turned into? Pain, chemotaxis, and increased vascular permeability and vasodilation What is bradykinin responsible for? Kinin system What system does the coagulation cascade have a role in activating? Factor XII (Hageman factor) What factor activates kinin? To form fibrin mesh to stop bleeding and to trap microorganisms What is the function of the coagulation cascade in the inflammatory process? Activates complement and kinin system What does the plasmin in the coagulation cascade do? Neutrophils, eosinophils and monocytes What do released chemotactic factors attract? 6-8 hours How soon do neutrophils show up at the site of injury? 1-7 days How soon do monocytes show up at the site of the injury? Phagocytosis What are neutrophils and monocytes responsible for at the site of injury? Triggers the release of the acute phase reactants What does the rupture of neutrophils and monocytes trigger during inflammation process? Mast cell degranulation What is the most important step of the inflammatory cascade? The additional activation of the acute phase reactants What does mast cell degranulation lead to? Coagulation proteins, kinin, and complement What are the acute phase reactants? Histamine, cytokines, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins What 4 main items are released from mast cell degranulation? Causing vasodilation, increasing vascular permeability, increasing blood flow to the site of injury, which ultimately causes erythema and swelling at the site of the injury What is histamine's role in the inflammatory cascade? IL4 is released early in inflammation; IL13 is released later in the inflammatory response; TNF is released during early and late inflammation; IL4 and IL13 are responsible for cell proliferation and antibody production; TNF increases vascular permeability What are cytokines' roles in the inflammato