Lecture notes

Approaches to personality

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Module
Genes to mind

Institution
University Of Sunderland (UoS)

Organised set of notes that are informative and simple to understand. Some of the approaches involved psychodynamic, environmental and biological approaches to personality.

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Uploaded on May 3, 2024
Number of pages 11
Written in 2023/2024
Type Lecture notes
Professor(s) Dr.lizzie dent
Contains Approaches personality

25th September 2023
Ideographic approach to personality

What is the ideographic approach?
The approach focuses on the The psychodynamic approach.:
Individual. This is an example of an
ideographic approach
Ideographic research uses mainly It argues human functon is the
qualitative data metrods. - Case result of Interaction Between Id,ego
studies/Interviews and the superego
This approach focuses on the
The ideographic approach is the unconscious level rather than the
opposite to the nomothetic accessible concious or easier accessed
approach that argues that preconcious.
general laws are able to explain' The Id:
human functioning. The Present from birth
nomothetic approach argues that Pleasure, desire and wants
there are a finite amount of laws Largely unconscious The superego:
and explanations. However the Suppressed urges Assesses which urges are
ideographic approach argues no morally correct and which are
general laws con be used due to unacceptable.
individuality. The ego: Cultural norms become
Acts as a buffer / internalised.
A realty principle. Et causes anxiety and sense of
Morality over motive. guilt
The limitations of the approach: Located between conciounce

Not cost or time effective.
challanges of reliability + validity

difficult to generalise

Positives of the approach:
good depth of understanding
understands Individual diferences.
Effective In clinical settings

, 25th September 2023
The psychodynamic approach.

There are 5 stages of development that the psychodynamic approach argues are important..,

The oral stage: 0-1 = this stage involves fascination of the mouth and lounge and
understanding often involves a child putting things in their mouth.

The anal stage: 18months - 3 Y= often involves bowle movement and fascination
within the pelvic region. This is often unseen parents begin to potty train their
children as it is the easiest time.
The phallic stage: 3- 5y= when a child begins to understand the sense of
masturbation - they tend to cling to the parent of opposite sex due to this
fascination.

The latency stage: 5-10 y= The ld is suppressed and regulated,
this is when same sex relationships are more likely to be developed.

The genital stage: 12 -18y = this is where a child begins to navigate the desires and
understands acceptable noughts t benaviours

If a conflict is not solved during a stage it can lead to a fixation within adulthood.

Carl young: argued that if we achieve
Types of defence mechanisms labelled in the approach: harmony, we achieve full human
potential.
Repression
Conversion reaction
Phobic avoidance
Isolation He was the first to
Projection define extroversion and
Sublimation introversion.
Denial
Rationalisation.
Displacement
Reaction formation Regression

humanistic Approach linns arquing
Individuality is the main Influence on
Personality (maslaws self actualisation +
hiaracmy of needs?
Rodgers -self worth through past experience.

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