CS 1101 Programming Fundamentals Questions Perfectly Answered!!

IBM and the Holocaust - Answer-IBM sold calculating machines to Nazi Germany to calculate the number of Jews in Germany. Herman Hollerith - Answer-realized that he could encode information on punch cards. railroad. IBM. 1890 census data on punch cards Alonzo Church - Answer-was able to express the lambda calculus in a formulaic way Turing machine - Answer-A machine that can perform mathematical computations. an abstraction of the operation of a tape-marking machine. its principal use is in rigorous analyses of algorithmic complexity Jacquard looms - Answer-is a device fitted to a power loom that simplifies the process of manufacturing textiles. Charles Babbage's Difference Engine - Answer-is an automatic mechanical calculator designed to tabulate polynomial functions. The 1940s - Answer-the first recognizably modern, electrically powered computers were created. Hard to program. Assembly language 1943 - Plankalkül (Konrad Zuse) 1943 - ENIAC coding system 1949 - C-10 The 1950s and 1960s - Answer-In the 1950s the first three modern programming languages whose descendants are still in widespread use today were designed: 1951 - Regional Assembly Language 1952 - Autocode 1954 - FORTRAN(Formula Translator) John W. Backus1958 - LISP (List Processor) John McCarthy 1958 - ALGOL (Algorithmic Language) 1959 - COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language)Short Range Committee,Grace Hopper 1962 - APL 1962 - Simula 1964 - BASIC 1964 - PL/I Timeline of programming languages - Answer : establishing fundamental paradigms - Answer-Most of the major language paradigms now in use were invented in this period: Simula, first OOP Nygaard and Dahl as a superset of Algol 60 GOTO debate 1970 - Pascal 1972 - C 1972 - Smalltalk 1972 - Prolog 1973 - ML 1978 - SQL The 1980s: consolidation, modules, performance - Answer-C++ combined object-oriented and systems programming. Ada, a systems programming language intended for use by defense contractors The functional languages community moved to standardize ML and Lisp Argus and Emerald systems adapted object-oriented programming to distributed systems. Major new paradigms for programming languages did not appear RISC movement, use of compiler 1983 - Ada1983 - C++ 1985 - Eiffel 1987 - Perl 1989 - FL (Backus) The 1990s: the Internet age - Answer-The rapid growth of the Internet in the mid-1990s was the next major historic event in programming languages. Java programming language rose to popularity because of its early integration with the Netscape Navigator web browser. 1990 - Haskell 1990 - Python 1991 - Java 1993 - Ruby 1994 - PHP 2000 - C#