Chapter 5 quizzes Test With Verified Correct Complete Solutions 2024.

Which of the following is true of amphetamines? - correct answer They increase concentration Which of the following is likely to occur once a person reaches a BAC level of .46%? - correct answer They will die Which of the following defines a drug? - correct answer a chemical that alters the body or its functioning Which of the following brain areas, when stimulated using ESB, results in reward? - correct answer nucleus accumbens Twin and adoption studies indicate that __ - correct answer the heritability for addiction is around 50% What is likely to occur if someone consumes alcohol while also taking benzodiazepines? - correct answer increased sedative effects and possible death A decrease in the effectiveness of a drug that is administered repeatedly is ___ - correct answer Tolerance Which of the following is likely to occur during heroin withdrawal? - correct answer flu-like symptoms Which of the following is true about nicotine's effects? - correct answer Nicotine stimulates the acetylcholine receptor Karen started using meth when she was 15. Now she is 35 and continues to use meth. What is true of Karen? - correct answer Karen no longer finds food or sex very exciting Elliot recently stopped smoking cigarettes after doing so for 15 years. She is irritable and anxious. What part of her brain is likely responsible for these emotional effects? - correct answer the amygdala Which of the following types of substances are produced by the body? - correct answer endorphins Which of the following is true about drug addiction treatment? - correct answer A major difficulty for treating addiction is comorbidity with mental and emotional disorders Opiates produce euphoria, which means they can ___ - correct answer make someone feel happy A key reason for heroin being so addictive is that it __ - correct answer easily and rapidly enters the brain Which of the following is true of methadone? - correct answer It is a synthetic morphine agonist Which of the following is a characteristic of stimulants? - correct answer an increase in arousal Marco had been having panic attacks and was experiencing high levels of anxiety. In addition to psychotherapy, his doctor also prescribed which type of medication to assist Marco? - correct answer a benzodiazepine Which of the following is true of Korsakoff's syndrome? - correct answer It involves severe memory loss Fetal alcohol syndrome is the leading cause of ______ in the Western world - correct answer intellectual impairment Depressants ______ activity in the central nervous system - correct answer reduce Why are researchers particularly concerned about the effects of heavy marijuana smoking on the user, based on recent studies? - correct answer Daily use reduces the volume of the hippocampus and amygdala Why is treatment for cocaine abuse difficult? - correct answer Many addicts also have psychological disorders Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of alcohol consumption? - correct answer aggression Opiates have analgesic effects, which means they can ___ - correct answer reduce pain Which of the following groups are most likely to be impulsive and have memory disorders? - correct answer binge drinkers Cocaine blocks reuptake of ______ at the synapses, producing stimulant effects - correct answer serotonin and dopamine Cocaine produces which effect? - correct answer euphoria Taking amphetamines causes increased release of the neurotransmitters ___ - correct answer norepinephrine and dopamine Which of the following is true about cocaine? - correct answer At one time it could be purchased as an over-the-counter medication It is difficult to conduct research on drugs, which are frequently abused. Which of the following is a reason for this? - correct answer 1. many are illegal, which means that researchers must request formal permission from mulitple governmental agencies 2. ethically one is forbidden from administering any substance to participants that is expected to cause harm, if there is no direct benefit to the participant ing control groups to compare to individuals who regularly use drugs is challenging/impossible Pharmaceutical companies aim to develop new drugs to treat diseases and health conditions. Most drugs that are developed fail in humans because due to which of the following: - correct answer the developed drugs cannot pass the blood brain barrier Jennifer is a conducting research on how to reduce anxiety in college students. She is testing out a new mindfulness exercise that she developed. Her research participants are a group of 20 college students who have reported ongoing high levels of anxiety. Which of the following best describes the type of research that Jennifer is conducting? - correct answer it is an example of applied research In the outside clip about the placebo effect, you learned about the amazing case involving Albert Mason. He observed that the placebo effect cured a boy with which of the following: - correct answer a terrible skin condition In an outside clip, you learned about recent research in which patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome were given pills to take. The pills were labeled "Placebo." Which of the following describes how the patient in the clip respond to the placebo pills? - correct answer her symptoms decreased The healthy human body makes dopamine. One of the precursors to dopamine (necessary ingredients) is tyrosine. Where does the human body get tyrosine? - correct answer many foods that we eat When drug treatment stops working in Parkinson's disease, patients may have electrodes permanently placed in their brain to stimulate the region that has degenerated. Which is this procedure called? - correct answer deep brain stimulation In opioid addiction, the number of _____________ receptors _________ over time as a person uses the drug and becomes more and more addicted. - correct answer dopamine; decrease Some Parkinson's patients experience uncontrollable movements (also called _________) after taking L-Dopa and other similar medications to control tremors for a long time - correct answer dyskinesia In an outside clip, a study on the effect of alcohol on memory was described. Which of the following was found? - correct answer alcohol impairs the formation of long-term memories The blood brain barrier restricts what can pass from the blood stream into the brain by which of the following mechanisms? - correct answer tight junctions of endothelial cells in the lining of blood vessels Which of the following is true about the placebo effect? - correct answer physical changes in the body have been observed following the use of a placebo drug or procedure, showing that the patient's belief alone sometimes has the power to get the body to heal itself Patients with Parkinson's disease who are treated with L-Dopa (in the hopes that it will increase the level of _______ in the brain) often experience ______ for the drug, which led to the drug being impractical to use - correct answer dopamine; tolerance Alcohol decreases anxiety and therefore increases aggression - correct answer True cocaine impacts a fetus because it crosses the placenta - correct answer True the effects of amphetamine are often difficult to distinguish from schizophrenia - correct answer True When followed until age 15, children prenatally exposed to marijuana have shown no developmental or cognitive differences from children who were not exposed to marijuana - correct answer False Dopamine is the only neurotransmitter involved in the reward/addiction circuit - correct answer False Tolerance can be caused by the nervous system responding to repeated use of a drug by decreasing the number of receptors for that drug - correct answer True Alcohol produces more mild withdrawal symptoms than marijuana - correct answer False Using cocaine just one time can result in brain changes that make that drug produce a more rewarding response in the brain - correct answer True Being raised in an environment in which there is alcohol abuse only puts all people at risk for developing an alcohol addiction - correct answer False Drugs that produce mild withdrawal symptoms are not ad