PHIL 1010 Actual Exam Questions And Complete Verified Answers| Graded A+| 2024

theory that human subjective states determine the nature of the real and true - correct answer subjectivism a sophist who beleived truth is in perception, man is the measure of all things, since man is the only entity capable of answering his perceptions must be true - correct answer Protagoras of Abdera a false argument, usually made to deceive someone - correct answer sophism "Of all things, the measure is humanity. Of the reality of those that are, and the unreality of those that are not." - correct answer Protagoras' Maxim There is no way the world is apart from how is appears to human beings - correct answer General Subjectivist Theory Of Truth There are no absolute, objective truths - correct answer NAT a truth that is binding upon all human beings at all times - correct answer absolute, objective truths possible objections to the Subjectivist theory of truth - correct answer 1. well-established empirical claims (mathematics, existence, moral claims.) 2. is NAT absolute truth? (refutes itself) the theory that reality consists of material things and immaterial things - correct answer dualism Plato's points in agreement with Socrates - correct answer -absolute, objective truths and values -reason enables humans to achieve knowledge not in us, not in the world of material things, absolute truth is unchanging, material things can change - correct answer Plato's foundation for absolute, objective truth Plato's forms - correct answer FORMS ARE MORE REAL THAN MATERIAL OBJECTS. circularity, triangularity, beauty, humanity, virtue, justice Greek philosopher who believed that the world is a random combination of atoms and that pleasure is the highest good (341-270 BC) - correct answer epicurus reality consists of indivisible atoms and the void in which they move - correct answer atomism proof that atoms exist - correct answer nothing comes from nothing, something cannot revert into nothing human beings are just a complex collection of atoms -souls are made up of atoms -destruction of the human body is destruction of the person - correct answer theory of human nature one can only suffer evil if one exists the dead do not exist death is not an evil for the dead - correct answer "No Harm" argument "why should I fear death? If i am, death is not. If death is, I am not. So why should I fear that which can only exist when I do not?" - correct answer Epicurus. Letter to Menoeceus. there is no intrinsic difference between one's prenatal nonexistence and one's post-mortem nonexistence - correct answer homogeneity believed that people are born selfish and need a strong central authority. - correct answer Thomas Hobbes "The universe is the aggregate of all bodies" - correct answer Thomas Hobbes all knowledge and content of our concepts comes from experience - correct answer empiricism reality is composed of immaterial substances and their states (there is no matter) - correct answer idealism "to be, is to be perceived or to perceive" - correct answer Berkeley immediate objects of all thought and perception are ideas in the mind - correct answer representationalism pain, pleasure, smell, sound and color - correct answer qualim ideas caused by PRIMARY qualities - correct answer resemble real qualities of the external object ideas caused by SECONDARY qualities - correct answer do not resemble real qualities of the object - Even if there were material objects, we could know nothing about them. - In order to know that two things resemble each other, we have to compare them. - But of course, in order to compare two things, we need independent access to vote. - We don't have independent access to external material objects, therefore, we cannot know whether our ideas resemble external material objects - correct answer the agnostic argument - Mind independent material objects are impossible - That a person conceives of an object that no person is conceiving of is a contradiction - What is contradictory is impossible - It is impossible that there be unconceived objects - All objects are conceived - Only ideas are conceived - All objects are ideas - correct answer the master argument the bat is not a bat - correct answer - The first premise is contradictory only if the senses and the meanings are the same - If the senses are different, there is no contradiction the study of the fundamental nature of reality - correct answer metaphysics the study of knowledge - correct answer epistemology the study of the difference between good and bad - correct answer ethics the study of art and beauty - correct answer aesthetics the love and pursuit of wisdom - correct answer philosophy logic metaphysics epistemology ethics aesthetics - correct answer five branches of philosophy first Sophist to establish himself in Athens; became an adviser to Pericles; encouraged the development of democracy in Athens - correct answer Protagoras Are human beings free? -or is everything we do a cause of other factors? If so, what is the nature of human freedom? - correct answer Questions of human agency all events (including all human actions) are fully causally determined, therefore, none of them are free - correct answer Hard Determnist (INCOMPATIBILISM) some hum