NURBN 2023 - Cardiac Exam Questions And Answers

NURBN 2023 - Cardiac Exam Questions And Answers Define heart failure - ANS The inability of the ventricles to pump enough blood to meet the body's metabolic demands. Loss of contraction leads to heart failure. systolic heart failure - ANS inability of the heart to generate an adequate cardiac output to perfuse vital tissues diastolic heart failure - ANS ventricles can't relax and fill cause of heart failure - ANS Atherosclerosis. Hypertension. High cholesterol. Smoking. Clinical symptoms of hear failure - ANS Hypertension. Shortness of breath/congested lungs. Fluid retention/oedema . Chest pain. Tachycardia. Pathophysiology of heart failure - ANS Dysfunctional ventricle that is unable to eject enough blood (systolic dysfunction) Inability of ventricles to fill with enough blood (diastolic dysfunction) Ischemic heart disease & HTN are the most common underlying causes - HTN: excess mechanical stress on ventricles - structural change of hypertrophy & eventual left ventricular dysfunction Differences between left and right heart failure - ANS Left: fluid build up in the lungs and Right: fluid retention in peripheral organs and tissue. Causes of CHF (Right-sided) - ANS Congestion of peripheral tissues Causes of CHF (Left-Sided) - ANS Decreased cardiac output & pulmonary congestion