NCHP Medication Administration exam fully solved & updated.

Which cues are relevant to a hypothesis of Risk for Adverse Medication Interaction? SATA A. Has no primary health care provider. B. Reports using "any convenient pharmacy". C. Developed a rash after taking NSAID drug. D. Cannot state name or dose of medication taken. E. Reports taking various supplements "from the health food store". - answer-Answer: A, B, D, E Which cues are relevant to a hypothesis of Risk for Injury for a patient who is prescribed a rectal suppository? SATA A. Dysphagia . B. Anal fissure. C. Recent rectal surgery. D. ongoing pelvic radiation therapy. E. Decreased level of consciousness. F. Weight loss with loss of muscle mass. - answer-Answer: B, C, D Which hypothesis is supported by the findings that a buccal medication is prescribed for a patient with a history of periodically biting the inside of the cheeks? A. Risk for Cross-Infection. B. Risk for allergic reaction. C. Risk for impaired tissue integrity. D. Risk for Adverse Medication Interaction. - answer-Answer: C A patient with long-standing heart failure does not know the names, doses, and purposes of their cardiac medications. Which outcome for the patient's nursing diagnosis of Lack of Knowledge of Medication Regime is appropriate? A. The patient will explain the importance of taking medications as prescribed. B. The patient will be attentive while a member of the health care team explains the prescribed medication and their uses. C. The patient will ask questions about their prescribed medications following the nurse's explanation of the medications. D. By the day of discharge, the patient will state the name, dose, route, time, frequency, purpose and special instructions for each prescribed medication using bottles of prescribed medications as guides. - answer-Answer: D The use of aseptic technique is a solution for which hypothesis? A. Risk for Cross-Infection. B. Risk for allergic reaction. C. Risk for impaired tissue integrity. Risk for Adverse Medication Interaction. - answer-Answer: A Following procedural guidelines when giving a parenteral medication is a primary solution for which hypothesis? A. Risk for allergic reaction. B. Risk for Adverse Medication Interaction. C. Risk for Injury. D. Lack of knowledge of Medication Regime. - answer-Answer: C The nurse is preparing to administer medication to a MVC victim for pain. Relevant cues from patient assessment data are analyzed and clustered to identify hypotheses. Which hypothesis is the priority? A. Risk for allergic reaction. B. Risk for impaired tissue integrity. C. Lack of knowledge of Medication Regime. D. Impaired Ability to Manage Medication Regime. - answer-Answer: A Which cue suggests a hypothesis of Risk for Adverse Medication Interaction? A. Patient reports a history of alcohol abuse and has been sober for just over 2 years. B. Patient states codeine taken after oral surgery caused difficulty breathing, sweating, nausea, vomiting and extreme dizziness. C. Patient is unable to ID name and doses of medications taken, and the patient takes two medications prescribed by an out of state internist daily for the past 5-6 years, both of which "have something to do with blood pressure". D. Patient denies regular use of any prescription medications but acknowledges use of different herbal preparations, a varied assortment of nonprescription medications and an occasional stomach or pain pill from her sister's medicine cabinet. - answer-Answer: D A patient presents with a chart listing the dose, route, frequency and reason for use of prescribed medications, along with list of related questions. The patient asks the nurse to review the chart for accuracy and answer the questions. Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for this patient? A. Anxiety. B. Ready to learn. C. Lack of knowledge of Medication Regime. D. Non adherence to Medication Regime. - answer-Answer: B Forgetfulness, poor vision and arthritic hands are relevant cues related to which hypothesis? A. Risk for allergic reaction. B. Lack of knowledge of Medication Regime. C. Medication supply deficit. D. Impaired ability to manage medication regime. - answer-Answer: D Which patient information would the nurse recognize as a relevant cue indicating the need for monitoring following an intramuscular injection? A. Patient lives alone. B. Patient is 78 y/o. C. Patient has a pacemaker. D. Patient had a bilateral mastectomy. - answer-Answer: B Which expected outcome would the nurse select for a soon to be discharged patient who has a transdermal patch prescribed for the first time? A. Patient will explain how to remove used patch and apply new patch prior to each patch change. B. Patient and spouse will view video on use of transdermal patch and prepare list of related questions. C. Patient will demonstrate correct removal of used patch and application of replacement patch prior to discharge. D. Patient will provide step by step directions from a patient instruction sheet at least twice as the nurse replaces used patches. - answer-Answer: C To decrease the risk for tissue irritation, which direction would the nurse give to a patient taking a buccal medication? A. "Place every third dose under your tongue." B. "If your cheek starts to burn, swallow the medication." C. "Alternate the side of the mouth used for each dose of medication." D. "If you experience discomfort, skip a dose; if discomfort persists, notify the health care provider." - answer-Answer: C Which statements describe a medication history and its function? SATA A. Helps ID areas where patient education is needed. B. Focuses on both current and recently used medications. C. Can guide decisions on future medications id accurate and complete. D. Gathers data about herbal preparations but not dietary supplements. E. Ask questions related to patient adherence to the prescribed medication regimen. - answer-Answer: A, B, C, E Which statement best describes ongoing assessments related to medication administration? A. Ongoing assessments are primarily used as part of the patient's annual physical examination in the outpatient setting. B. The main purpose of ongoing assessments is to document changes int he patient's medication history. C. Ongoing assessments should be done every week to ensure the therapeutic effect of the medication is maintained. D. The main purposes of ongoing assessments are to evaluate the effectiveness of medication and to ID any adverse effects. - answer-Answer: D Match the Category of Medication with the point of administration assessment that it requires. A. Pulse. B. Blood pressure. C. Temperature. D. Respiratory rate. Choices: 1. Antihypertensive 2. Anticoagulant 3. Cardiac glycoside 4. Opioid analgesic 5. Antipyretic - answer-Answer: Pulse- Cardiac glycoside Blood pressure- Antihypertensive Temperature- Antipyretic Respiratory rate- Opioid analgesic Assessment of dexterity and mobility statuses could cue to which problem related to medication administration? A. Lack of sufficient fatty tissue for a subcutaneous injection. B. Ability to open medication containers. C. Risk for a rectal tear with rectal administration. D. Need for extended or time release medications. - answer-Answer: B Which factor would the nurse recognize as a cue indicating that a patient must be checked for bleeding after an intramuscular injection? A. Slender, nonathletic build. B. Allergy to ASA. C. Current anticoagulant therapy. D. Elevated serum creatinine levels. - answer-Answer: C For which reason would the nurse ask a patient about food allergies as part of the medication history? A. Can cue to the need for enteric coated tablets. B. Can cue to the risk for an allergic reaction to the medication. C. Can cue to the necessity of avoiding oral medication administration. D. Cam cue to the importance of monitoring levels of medication in the blood. - answer-Answer: B Which focused assessment would the nurse perform when caring for a patient with a prescription for a medication administered by transdermal patch? A. Assess the patient's level of consciousness. B. Inspect the patient's skin for cracks and lesions. C. Ensure the patient has patent IV access. D. Check to make sure the patient has adequate muscle mass. - answer-Answer: B The nurse is caring for a patient who has digoxin prescribed for chronic heart failure. Which assessment data is needed before administering the digoxin? A. Blood pressure. B. Radial pulse. C. Apical pulse. D. Oxygen saturation. - answer-Answer: C Which questions would the nurse ask a patient when obtaining the patient's medication history? SATA A. "Whats is your alcohol intake?" B. What are your current laboratory test values?" C. "Have you recently stopped taking any medications?" D. "What prescribed medications are you currently taking?" E. "Do you have any preferences or habits related to your cultural background that influence the medications you take?" - answer-Answer: A, C, D, E Which factor is cued by gathering information about a patient's prior exposure to a medication that is being prescribed? A. Risk for kidney impairment. B. Likelihood of side and adverse effects. C. Probability of a medication interaction. D. Ability to follow prescribed directions for taking the medication. - answer-Answer: B Which factors would the nurse recognize as cues that oral administration might not be appropriate for a patient? SATA A. Patient must lie flat. B. Patient has ill-fitted dentures. C. Patient has difficulty swallowing. D. Patient reports feeling nauseated. E. Patient has a postnasal drip and sore throat. F. Patient questions the taste of the medication saying "Are you sure it doesn't taste bad?". - answer-Answer: A, C, D Which factors would the nurse recognize as cues indicating that a patient is at increased risk for an adverse reaction to a medication? SATA A. Age of 71 years. B. History of kidney disease. C. Admitted for a knee replacement. D. Taking the medication for the first time. E. Allergic to watermelon, cucumber and peanuts. - answer-Answer: A, B, E, Which hypothesis is the nurse addressing when the patient is assessed for urticaria, itching and rash after administration of a medication? A. Risk for allergic reaction. B. Risk for Cross-Infection. C. Risk for Adverse Medication Interaction. D. Risk for impaired tissue integrity. - answer-Answer: A Which descriptors would the nurse use in summarizing changes in a patient's condition after a medication interaction? A. Critical, stable, good. B. Satisfactory, unsatisfactory. C. Life-threatening, urgent, immediate concern. D. Improving, declining, unchanged. - answer-Answer: D Which hypothesis is the nurse addressing by using aseptic technique as an intervention? A. Risk for Cross-Infection. B. Risk for allergic reaction. C. Risk for Adverse Medication Interaction. D. Risk for injury. - answer-Answer: A Which types of medication cannot be administered to patients who have difficulty swallowing and require medications to be crushed? SATA A. Capsules. B. Scored tablets. C. Sublingual tablets. D. Time-released tablets. E. Enteric coated tablets. - answer-Answer: D, E Which direction would be given to a patient with a prescription for a swish and swallow medication? A. "Do not rinse your mouth after taking the swish and swallow medication." B. "Tilt your head front to back while the medicine is in your mouth." C. "Keep the medication away from your cheeks; bubble it in the back of your throat, almost like gargling." D. "Take the swish and swallow medication before you swallow any other medications." - answer-Answer: A When using a dropper to give liquid medication to an infant, where should the medication be deposited in the mouth? A. Middle of tongue. B. Alongside the tongue. C. Behind the gum under the tongue. D. Between the gum and the lower lip. - answer-Answer: B When more than one medication must be instilled in the eye, the nurse waits a minimum of how many minutes between instillations? - answer-Answer: 3 mins. For which purpose does the nurse push the tragus after instilling an otic medication? A. Relieve pain. B. Straighten the ear canal. C. Prevent loss of medication. D. Reduce tinnitus. - answer-Answer: C Which instruction would the nurse give a patient when a nasal medication in being administered? A. "Breathe in." B. "Breathe out." C. "Breathe normally." D. "Hold your breathe." - answer-Answer: A Which comment made by a patient wearing a transdermal patch requires further investigation by the nurse? A. "I feel like a checkerboard with these patches being rotated around." B. "This patch itches and burns. I have to keep rubbing it to make it feel better." C. "I never realized I had so much hair on my chest and back until I tried to find hairless places to put a patch." D. "It seems that every one of these patches comes loose before it is time to remove it, and I have to tape it around the sides with hypoallergenic tape to hold it in place." - answer-Answer: B The mother of a 2 y/o patient asks the nurse how far a rectal suppository prescribed for her child should be inserted. Which response by the nurse is accurate? A. 1/4 inch B. 1/2 inch C. 1 inch D. 1 1/2 inches - answer-Answer: B Which patient position is preferred for insertion of vaginal suppository? A. Left side lying position with upper knee flexed (Sims position). B. Right sided lying position. C. Dorsal recumbent position. D. Prone with legs apart. - answer-Answer: C Which sites are used to administer intradermal injections? SATA A. Inner forearm. B. Lateral upper arm. C. Deltoid area. D. Fatty tissue. E. Scapular area. - answer-Answer: A, B, E Which action is required when using the zigzag (Z-track) method for IM medication administration? A. Using the vastus lateralis as the site for injection. B. Massaging the injection site after administration. C. Waiting 15 seconds before withdrawing the needle after injecting the medication. D. Changing needles between drawing up the medication and administering it. - answer-Answer: D Place the parenteral methods of medication administration in order from fastest to slowest onset of action. A. IM B. SubQ C. Intradermal D. IV - answer-Answer: D, A, B, C Which concept is the major focus of nursing interventions designed to promote safe medication administration in the home? A. Patient comfort. B. Patient education. C. Patient independence and autonomy. D. Patient relationships with equipment providers. - answer-Answer: B Which comment made by a patient before discharge alerts the nurse that further teaching regarding home medication administration is required? A. "I'm switching all my prescriptions to one pharmacy." B. "I'm going to keep a log of the medications and supplements I take." C. "I'm putting three or four of each of my pills together in a bottle for use in an emergency." D. "If I decide to try herbs, I will check first with my doctor to see if there would be a problem with my medications." - answer-Answer: C Which pieces of information should patients know about any medication prescribed for them? SATA A. Appearance of the medication. B. Manufacturer of the medication. C. Expected side effects of the medication. D. Adverse effects of the medication to be reported. E. Dose, route and frequency of the medication. F. Expected therapeutic effect of the medication. - answer-Answer: C, D, E, F For which patient would providing a weekly medication organizer be an appropriate intervention? A. Forgetful patient. B. Near-sighted patient. C. Wheelchair-bound patient. D. Patient whose first language is not English. - answer-Answer: A For how many minutes would a nurse monitor a patient for an immediate allergic reaction following medication administration? Record your answer as two whole numbers separated by a hyphen. - minutes - answer-Answer: 20-30 minutes The nurse instructs a patient for whom a transdermal patch has been prescribed to rotate sites of application. For which hypothesis is this instruction an intervention? A. Risk for Cross-Infection. B. Risk for allergic reaction. C. Risk for impaired tissue integrity. D. Risk for Adverse Medication Interaction. - answer-Answer: C In response to a hypothesis of Lack of Knowledge of Medication Regime, the nurse teaches the patient about a newly prescribed medication, specifically the name, dose, route of administration, time, frequency, and special instructions. Which method would the nurse use to evaluate the effectiveness of the teaching? A. Observe the patient correctly self-administering a dose of the new medication at least once. B. Request the patient to ask clarifying questions after review of written direction for use of the new medication. C. Ask the patient to rate his or her understanding of the directions for the use of the new medications on a scale from 1-5, with 2 being "do not understand" and 5 being "understand completely." D. Ask the patient to explain the use of the new medication, giving its name, dose, route, frequency, expected effects, and management of side and adverse effects of the new medication. - answer-Answer: D A newly admitted patient tells the nurse "I can't swallow medicines; they all need to be crushed." Based on this statement, the nurse would contact the health care provider about a prescription for which form of medication? A. Troche. B. Sublingual medication. C. Enteric coated tablet. D. Capsule. - answer-Answer: C A patient has a prescription for 2.5 mL of a liquid medication to be administered orally. In accordance with best practice guidelines, which device would the nurse use when preparing this medication? A. Oral syringe calibrated in metric only. B. Measuring spoon calibrated in metric. C. Syringe calibrated in both metric and household units. D. Medicine cup calibrated in both metric and household units. - answer-Answer: A Which statement made by a patient who self-administers medications through a gastrointestinal (GI) tube indicates the need for further instruction about the process? A. "I take one medication at a time and flush the tube before and after each one." B. "If a medication seems thick and I might have a problem getting through the tube, I dilute it." C. "I take my evening medications, sit up and watch television for an hour or more, and then head into bed." D. "I mix my morning medication with my morning feeding to save a bit of time before leaving for work." - answer-Answer: D When administering an otic medication to an adult, which action would the nurse take to facilitate the spread of the medication to the entire ear canal? A. Press on the tragus. B. Pull up and back on the pinna. C. Ask the patient to hold their breath. D. Tell the patient to tilt their head forward. - answer-Answer: B The nurse directs a patient who needs two puffs of medication from a metered-dose inhaler to wait how many minutes between puff one and puff two? Record your answer as a whole number. __ min - answer-Answer: 1 minute A patient is to have an ophthalmic ointment applied to both eyes. Which information would the nurse provide? SATA A. "Your vision may be blurred for a while after I put the ointment in your eyes." B. "You will need to keep your eyes wide open for 2 minutes after the ointment is applied." C. "I'm giving you two tissues to use to wipe extra ointment off your face; use one for each eye." D. "I will be applying the ointment from the outside corner of your eye in to the corner near your nose." E. "You will have a 5-minute wait between getting the ointment in the first eye and getting it in the second." - answer-Answer: A, C, Which characteristic is an advantage of a transdermal patch? A. No adverse systemic effects. B. No preparation needed for use. C. Almost immediate onset of action. D. Long-term continuous administration. - answer-Answer: D Which action would the nurse take as part of the procedure for administering a vaginal suppository? A. Place the patient in a high fowler's position. B. Lubricate the applicator with a water soluble gel. C. Warm the suppository to room temperature before administration. D. Instruct the patient to remain in a side lying position for 10 minutes. - answer-Answer: B A patient preparing to insert her prescribed vaginal suppository is reviewing the procedure with the nurse. Which statement made by the patient alerts the nurse that further explanation is required? A. "I need to urinate before I put the suppository in." B. "I'll watch television for the half hour I have to lie still after I put this in." C. "I have a tampon ready to insert after the suppository to catch any drips." D. "I need to put the suppository in along the back wall of my vagina about a finger length." - answer-Answer: C Which statements are appropriate for the nurse to make to a patient who is about to receive pain medication by intravenous push? SATA A. "You will feel the effects quickly." B. "Let me know if your arm hurts or swell." C. "It may take a while for the medication to kick in." D. "The medication is being injected into your muscle." E. "The medication is being injected into your bloodstream." - answer-Answer: A, B, E Which actions apply to the administration of an intradermal injection? SATA A. Using a 45 degree angle of insertion. B. Monitoring the skin for a wheal. C. Pinching the skin before needle insertion. D. Inserting the needle into the skin with the bevel up. E. Applying outward traction to the skin around the site. - answer-Answer: B, D, E A diagram of which injection site would be most helpful when teaching a patient how to use of an EpiPen? A. Deltoid. B. Dorsogluteal muscle C. Ventrogluteal muscle D. Vastus lateralis - answer-Answer: D Which statement by a patient who has received instructions about self-administration of medications in the home indicates a misunderstanding of information? A. "I will remember not to dispose of the sharps in the regular trash receptacle." B. "If I miss a dose of any medication, I'll just double the dose when I take it the next time." C. "Making a chart so I can mark off when I take each medication will help me keep track of my medications." D. "I will not crush my time-release tablet. If I have trouble swallowing it, I will call the health care provider." - answer-Answer: B An older, visually impaired but proudly self-sufficient adult patient has several prescribed medications to take at home. Which action would the nurse take to assist this patient in complying with the medication regimen? A. Create a chart for the patient to follow, showing the times when medications should be taken. B. Ask a family member to come over each day to administer medications. C. Arrange for the medications to be put in a weekly pill organizer. D. Suggest the patient set an alarm clock for the times medications are to be taken. - answer-Answer: C Which statement made by a nurse conducting discharge teaching indicates a review of patient education principles related to medication administration is needed? A. "I'm going to be explaining how to change your transdermal patch. Would you like your spouse to sit in?" B. "It's really important that you feel comfortable using your nebulizer, so I want you to show me how you will do it." C. "Metoprolol is your blood pressure pill. Notice it is a scored tablet, but you are not going to cut it in half. You are going to take the whole thing." D. "This pink pill is digoxin, your heart medication. You will take your pulse before you take this pill. If your pulse is less than 60 beats per minute, you will not take the pill." - answer-Answer: D Which name does the United States Adopted Names (USAN) Council assign to a drug? A. Trade. B. Official. C. Generic. D. Chemical. - answer-Answer: C Which organization is responsible for the enforcement of medication legislation in the United States? A. National Formulary B. Drug Enforcement Administration C. United States Pharmacopeia D. Food and Drug Administration - answer-Answer: D In which controlled substances schedule is morphine listed? A.Schedule I B. Schedule II C. Schedule III D. Schedule IV - answer-Answer: B Match each of the four pharmacokinetic processes with its definition. A. Less-active drug and its metabolites are removed from the body. B. Drug passes from the site of administration into the bloodstream. C. Drug altered to a less-active form. D. Drug delivered to tissues and organs to the specific site of action Choices: 1. Distribution 2. Absorption 3. Excretion 4. Metabolism - answer-Answer: A-3 B-2 C-4 D-1 Which statements describe the pharmacodynamic concept of half-life? SATA A. Half-life varies from drug to drug. B. Liver or kidney impairment shortens a medication's half-life. C. Half-life reflects the speed with which a drug is metabolized and excreted from the body. D. Medications with a short half-life must be administered more frequently than those with a long half-life. E. Spacing of doses to maintain consistent therapeutic effects is based on the medication's half-life. F. After two to three half-lives, the dose of medication administered equals the amount of medication metabolized and excreted. - answer-Answer: A, C, D, E Place the four pharmacokinetic processes in the order in which they occur. A. Distribution. B. Excretion. C. Absorption. D. Metabolism. - answer-Answer: C, A, D, B Which drug response requires prior exposure to the medication? A. Side effect B. Adverse effect C. Allergic reaction D. Idiosyncratic reaction - answer-Answer: C Which statement describes how a toxic effect differs from an adverse effect? A. Toxic effects can develop over time. B. Toxic effects can be life-threatening. C. Toxic effects can occur with the first drug dose. D. Toxic effects result from an excessive concentration of the drug in the blood. - answer-Answer: D Which example represents a synergistic effect? A. The effect of drug A is increased when given with drug B. B. The effect of drug A is decreased when given with drug B. C. The effects of drug A and drug B are canceled out when given together. D. The effects of drug A and drug B are the same when given together as when given alone. - answer-Answer: A Which vitamins are water soluble and excreted by the body through the kidneys? SATA A. Vitamin A B. Vitamin B C. Vitamin C D. Vitamin D E. Vitamin E F. Vitamin K - answer-Answer: B, C A drug prescription must include which information to be considered legally valid? SATA A. Route of drug administration B. Frequency of drug administration C. Specific time of drug administration D. Date the prescription was written E. Location where the prescription was written - answer-Answer: A, B, D Nerve damage to the limbs, which may cause numbness, trouble walking, and pain, is an adverse effect of which water-soluble vitamin? A. Niacin B. Folic acid C. Pyridoxine D. Ascorbic acid - answer-Answer: C Which form of medication is manufactured in a way that delays disintegration and absorption until the medication reaches the intestines? A. Powder B. Lozenge C. Time-release capsule D. Enteric-coated tablet - answer-Answer: D For which route of medication administration would a nebulizer be used? A. Buccal B. Topical C. Inhalation D. Transdermal - answer-Answer: C Which phrase describes a capsule? A. Ultrafine drug particles in a dry form B. Prepared to dissolve in the mouth C. Enclosed in a cylindrical gelatin coating D. Compressed with binding substances and disintegrating agents - answer-Answer: C Which statements apply to the classification of drugs in the controlled substances schedules? SATA A. Some schedule drugs have no accepted medical use. B. The list of scheduled drugs is updated twice per year. C. Scheduled drugs are either illegal substances or narcotics. D. The potential for dependence is highest in schedule V drugs. E. All schedules drugs have an associated risk for abuse. - answer-Answer: A, E At which time would blood be obtained to measure the trough level of a medication? A. Just before a dose is administered. B. Within an hour after a dose is administered. C. When the half-time of the medication has been reached. D. About 3 to 5 half lives of the medication have been completed. - answer-Answer: A Arrange the drug administration routes by absorption rate, from quickest to slowest. A. SubQ B. IM C. IV D. Oral - answer-Answer: C, B, A, D Which conclusion can be drawn about a medication with a short half-life? A. Doses will be given frequently. B. Serum drug levels need to be monitored. C. The drug has a wide therapeutic range. D. The drug is not safe to use if kidney disease exists. - answer-Answer: A The risk for toxicity is greatest with which type of drugs? A. Drugs with a short half life. B. Drugs with a rapid onset of activity. C. Drugs with a narrow therapeutic range. D. Drugs with many, adverse side effects. - answer-Answer: C Which term describes the phenomenon of a drug's effect being decreased by taking it with another substance? A. Toxic effect B. Antagonism C. Adverse effect D. Synergistic effect - answer-Answer: B Match the drug effect or reaction to its descriptor. A. Predictable, dose-dependent effect unrelated to the therapeutic effect. B. Occurs when concentration of the drug in the blood exceed therapeutic range. C. Unpredictable immune response to medications. D. Unpredictable over-, under-, or abnormal patient response to medication. Choices: 1. Idiosyncratic reaction 2. Adverse reaction 3. Side effect 4. Toxic effect 5. Allergic reaction - answer-Answer: A- 3 B- 4 C- 5 D- 1 Upset stomach and kidney stones are side effects of which vitamin? A. Vitamin A B. Vitamin B3 C. Vitamin B6 D. Vitamin C - answer-Answer: D Use of which herb places the patient at greatest risk for a drug interaction? A. Ginseng B. Echinacea C. Saw palmetto D. St. John's Wort - answer-Answer: D Match the route of drug administration to its descriptor. A. Against the cheek B. On skin or mucous membranes C. Under the tongue D. By injection or infusion Choices: 1. Sublingual 2. Parenteral 3. Topical 4. Buccal - answer-Answer: A-4 B-3 C-1 D. 2 Which method of drug administration is used primarily when a local effect of medication is desired? A. Buccal B. Topical C. SubQ D. Transdermal patch - answer-Answer: B In which situation related to medication administration is the use of the teach-back method essential? A. Patient refuses a medication. B. New medication is prescribed. C. Dosage of a medication is changed. D. More than one medication is taken at the same time. - answer-Answer: A To confirm the right drug, medication labels are checked against the medication administration record (MAR) at least how many times before the medication is administered to the patient? Record your answer as a whole number.____ times - answer-Answer: 3 At which times does the nurse check for the "right drug"? SATA A. When removing the drug from the dispensing unit. B. When preparing the medication. C. Just before entering the patient's room. D. At the bedside immediately before administration. E. On completion of documentation that the medication was given. - answer-Answer: A, B, D Match the prescription abbreviation with its meaning. A. Before meals. B. Milliliter. C. Four times per day. D. Sublingual. Choices: 1. mg 2. qid 3. SL 4. PRN 5. mL 6. ac - answer-Answer: A- 6 B- 5 C- 2 D-3 Which medication prescription requires clarification with the health care provider? A. Cefadroxil 500 mg PO bid B. Tobramycin 60 mg IM q8h C. Diazepam 6 mg IM STAT D. Heparin 7500 units subcutaneously - answer-Answer: D What is the meaning of "qid" in a medication prescription? A. Every day B. Every other day C. Four times per day D. Every day as needed - answer-Answer: C Which factors related to medication errors are considered systems factors? SATA A. Stress B. Communication of prescriptions C. Dispensing D. Miscalculation of dosage E. Product labeling, packaging, and nomenclature - answer-Answer: B, C, E At which times would the nurse perform medication reconciliation? SATA A. At least once every 72 hours B. When a patient is discharged home C. Whenever a new medication is prescribed D. When a patient is admitted to the hospital E. Whenever the dosage of a medication is changed - answer-Answer: B, D Which factor best explains the need for medication reconciliation as a routine part of medication error prevention? A. Cultural diversity B. Population mobility C. Prevalence of polypharmacy D. Increase in health care options - answer-Answer: C Which actions are taken when a patient refuses a medication? SATA A. Notify the HCP. B. Contact a family member. C. Inquire why the patient is refusing. D. Explain the consequences of refusal with teach back. E. Provide at least two opportunities for the patient to reconsider. F. Document the circumstances of the situation and the actions taken. - answer-Answer: A, C, D, F As a general rule, which information should be given to a patient when a drug is being administered? SATA A. Name of the drug. B. Why the drug has been prescribed. C. Risk for adverse reaction. D. How long the drug will be taken. E. Expected side effects. F. Whether the drug is having the expected therapeutic effect. - answer-Answer: A, B, E, The nurse looks up an unfamiliar medication when preparing to administer it. The reference indicates the medication is on the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) high-alert list. Which action would the nurse take? A. Have a second nurse verify the dosage. B. Reconfirm the prescription with the HCP. C. Schedule lab blood work for 1 hr after administration. D. Double check with the patient that there is no known allergy to the medication. - answer-Answer: A The nurse would contact the health care provider for clarification for which medication prescription? A. Ciprofloxacin 0.5 g PO bid. B. Diltiazem 60 mg PO bid. C. Lisinopril 5 mg PO qd. D. Doxepin hydrochloride 30 mg PO at bedtime. - answer-Answer: C To which aspect does the abbreviation STAT refer when used in a prescription for a medication? A. Drug dosage. B. Drug formulation. C. Route of administration. D. Frequency/time of administration. - answer-Answer: D Which medication would the nurse plan to give without first clarifying the prescription with the health care provider? A. Toprol XL 100 mg PO QD B. Naltrexone hydrochloride 50 mg PO daily. C. Pantoprazole SOD DR 40 mg by mouth. D. Benzonatate 200 mg PO tid PRN - answer-Answer: B Patient reluctance to share information is a major obstacle to which process? A. Medication reconciliation. B. Assessment of allergic reactions. C. Identification of medication side effects. D. Determination of patient education needs. - answer-Answer: A Match each right of medication administration to the factor that puts it at risk for being violated. A. Look alike and soundalike medications. B. Need to crush a tablet. C. Narrow window of administration. D. Smudged patient name on wristband. Choices: 1. Right route 2. Right patient 3. Right dose 4. Right drug 5. Right time - answer-Answer: A-4 B-3 C-5 D-2 Which questions are answered by the medication reconciliation process? SATA A. Are all prescribed medications available in generic forms? B. Does the patient's insurance cover all prescribed medications? C. Are any of the prescribed medications duplicates of each other? D. Does the patient currently need every medication that is prescribed? E. Are there any medications that the patient needs that are not prescribed? F. Do any of the prescribed medications interact with one another, requiring an adjustment in dosage or a change in the medications themselves? - answer-Answer: C, D, E, F