Ch01
Student: ___________________________________________________________________________
1. Psychology is defined as the:
A. intuition-based approach to study human behavior.
B. speculative method to find answers about human cognition.
C. study of mental disorders and their treatment.
D. scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
2. Akira has declared psychology as his major. He will be studying:
A. internal medicine.
B. behavior and mental processes.
C. mental disorders and their diagnosis and treatment.
D. the disorders of the central nervous system.
3. A single-sentence definition of psychology may be misleading because:
A. it is very difficult to study the mind and behavior scientifically.
B. psychology is a narrower, more specific field than a general definition might suggest.
C. psychologists disagree on how broad psychology should really be.
D. the discipline of psychology really has no core or center.
4. Which of the following is NOT one of the goals of psychology?
A. Obfuscation
B. Description
C. Prediction
D. Explanation
5. In order to study mind and behavior, psychologists:
A. rely on the scientific method.
B. use their intuition.
C. rely on the study of internal medicine.
D. use speculation.
6. In what way are the diverse subfields of psychology related?
A. They allow psychologists to explain different types of behavior in the same way.
B. They ultimately share a common goal.
C. They always lead to an M.D. (Doctor of Medicine) degree.
D. They are not related at all, other than being considered part of psychology.
7. Dr. Alvarez studies how the degeneration of certain components of nerve cells in the brain might
contribute to the development of multiple sclerosis. Dr. Alvarez's work BEST exemplifies the _____
subfield of psychology.
A. cognitive
B. experimental
C. developmental
D. behavioral neuroscience
8. Which of the following branches of psychology studies the processes of sensing, perceiving, learning, and
thinking about the world?
A. Behavioral neuroscience
B. Developmental psychology
C. Experimental psychology
D. Health psychology
,9. Why is the term experimental psychology considered somewhat misleading?
A. Psychologists in every subfield use the experimental method.
B. The term is no longer in existence.
C. Most psychological topics are not suited to experimental study.
D. Experimental methods are only appropriate to the study of the biological bases of behavior.
10. Which of the following subfields of psychology is INCORRECTLY matched with its description?
A. Behavioral neuroscience: examines the relationship between the nervous system and behavior
B. Cognitive: examines how people grow and change from conception through death
C. Experimental: examines the processes of sensing, perceiving, learning, and thinking
D. Clinical: deals with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders
11. Which of the following subfields of psychology is CORRECTLY matched with a sample topic?
A. Behavioral neuroscience: the influence of chronic stress on physical health
B. Developmental psychology: the effectiveness of drug therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder
C. Cognitive psychology: the influence of on event on people's thinking
D. Health psychology: the role that frustration plays in producing aggression
12. How are cognitive and experimental psychology related?
A. They are the same.
B. They are two completely distinct subfields of psychology.
C. Cognitive psychology is part of experimental psychology.
D. Experimental psychology is part of cognitive psychology.
13. _____ psychology focuses on higher mental processes, including thinking, memory, reasoning, problem
solving, judging, decision making, and language.
A. Developmental
B. Personality
C. Clinical
D. Cognitive
14. Developmental psychology:
A. focuses primarily on educational, social, and career adjustment problems.
B. studies how people grow and change from the moment of conception through death.
C focuses on higher mental processes, including thinking, memory, reasoning, problem solving, judging,
. decision making, and language.
D. deals with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders.
15. Personality psychology:
A. focuses primarily on educational, social, and career adjustment problems.
B. focuses on the consistency in people's behavior over time and the traits that differentiate one person
from another.
C focuses on higher mental processes, including thinking, memory, reasoning, problem solving, judging,
. decision making, and language.
D. deals with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders.
16. Dr. Chen studies how people grow and change during late adolescence and young adulthood; Dr. Doherty
focuses on several traits that distinguish one person from another. Dr. Chen is a(n) _____ psychologist;
Dr. Doherty is a _____.
A. experimental psychologist; cognitive psychologist
B. health psychologist; clinical psychologist
C. developmental psychologist; personality psychologist
D. clinical psychologist; counseling psychologist
,17. Dr. Ebrahim examines how children's friendships change through elementary and middle-school years.
Dr. Ebrahim is a(n) _____ psychologist.
A. clinical
B. evolutionary
C. experimental
D. developmental
18. At a conference on terrorism research, a panel of psychologists is discussing suicide bombers. Dr. Gerami
outlines the role of charismatic leaders in encouraging the actions of suicide bombers. Dr. Hespeler
argues that sometimes, suicide bombing may be seen as a rational response to a particular system of
beliefs. Finally, Dr. Islington reviews the internal traits associated with suicide bombing. Which of
the following alternatives BEST identifies the subfields in which each of these psychologists probably
specializes?
A. Dr. Gerami: personality psychology; Dr. Hespeler: cross-cultural psychology; Dr. Islington: social
psychology
B. Dr. Gerami: social psychology; Dr. Hespeler: personality psychology; Dr. Islington: cross-cultural
psychology
C. Dr. Gerami: social psychology; Dr. Hespeler: cross-cultural psychology; Dr. Islington: personality
psychology
D. Dr. Gerami: cross-cultural psychology; Dr. Hespeler: experimental psychology; Dr. Islington:
personality psychology
19. Enterprise City has been hard hit by a recent economic downturn. Local psychologists are holding a
public workshop to help the citizens cope with the adversity. Dr. Kurutz is outlining strategies to help
laid-off adults avoid overeating, or the use of drugs or alcohol. Dr. Kurutz is most clearly a(n) _____
psychologist.
A. experimental
B. cross-cultural
C. social
D. health
20. Which branch of psychology explores the relationship between psychological factors and physical
ailments or disease?
A. Developmental psychology
B. Health psychology
C. Perceptual psychology
D. Clinical neuropsychology
21. How do clinical and counseling psychology differ?
A. Clinical psychology requires more advanced study than does counseling psychology.
B. Clinical psychologists have a PhD or an MD degree, whereas counseling psychologists have a PsyD
degree.
C. Counseling psychologists deal with problems that are more specific than the problems that clinical
psychologists deal with.
D. Clinical and counseling psychology are synonymous.
22. Fiona helps students with ADHD develop effective study regimens and strategies. Fiona is most likely
a(n) _____ psychologist.
A. health
B. experimental
C. developmental
D. counseling
23. Counseling psychologists are more likely than clinical psychologists to practice in:
A. hospitals.
B. laboratories.
C. offices.
D. colleges.
, 24. Dr. Growe is reading about a research in which psychologists investigated the effect of group size on the
conformity of group members. Dr. Growe is most likely reading the Journal of _____ Psychology.
A. Developmental
B. Social
C. Counseling
D. Evolutionary
25. Social psychology:
A. focuses primarily on educational, social, and career adjustment problems.
B. deals with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders.
C. investigates the similarities and differences in psychological functioning in and across various cultures
and ethnic groups.
D. is the study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and actions are affected by others.
26. _____ psychologists concentrate on diverse topics such as human aggression, liking and loving,
persuasion, and conformity.
A. Counseling
B. Social
C. Evolutionary
D. Clinical
27. Which of the following is NOT one of the three newer branches of psychology's family tree?
A. Counseling psychology
B. Behavioral genetics
C. Evolutionary psychology
D. Clinical neuropsychology
28. Evolutionary psychologists are especially interested in:
A. how behavior is influenced by our genetic inheritance from our ancestors.
B. the genetic basis of physical characteristics.
C. how thought and behavior are influenced by the structure of the brain.
D. how personality traits and social behavior vary across cultures.
29. Charles Darwin's book On the Origin of Species was published in:
A. 1529
B. 1739
C. 1859
D. 1939
30. In what way, if any, do evolutionary psychologists go beyond Darwin's arguments?
A. They suggest that culture influences the nature of behavioral and mental processes.
B. They argue that our genetic heritage influences our physical characteristics.
C. They argue that our genetic heritage determines aspects of our personality and social behavior.
D. They do not go beyond Darwin's original arguments.
31. Dr. Lin and Dr. Marino both study obesity. Dr. Lin relates the likelihood of obesity to levels of the
trait of neuroticism - the tendency to experience upsetting emotions. Dr. Marino relates obesity to the
frequency with which individuals eat alone, with family members, or in the presence of larger groups of
friends, acquaintances, or strangers. Which of the following statements is most likely TRUE regarding the
subfields in which Dr. Lin and Dr. Marino specialize?
A. Dr. Marino is a social psychologist.
B. Dr. Lin is a social psychologist.
C. Dr. Marino is a personality psychologist.
D. Dr. Lin is a behavioral psychologist.
Student: ___________________________________________________________________________
1. Psychology is defined as the:
A. intuition-based approach to study human behavior.
B. speculative method to find answers about human cognition.
C. study of mental disorders and their treatment.
D. scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
2. Akira has declared psychology as his major. He will be studying:
A. internal medicine.
B. behavior and mental processes.
C. mental disorders and their diagnosis and treatment.
D. the disorders of the central nervous system.
3. A single-sentence definition of psychology may be misleading because:
A. it is very difficult to study the mind and behavior scientifically.
B. psychology is a narrower, more specific field than a general definition might suggest.
C. psychologists disagree on how broad psychology should really be.
D. the discipline of psychology really has no core or center.
4. Which of the following is NOT one of the goals of psychology?
A. Obfuscation
B. Description
C. Prediction
D. Explanation
5. In order to study mind and behavior, psychologists:
A. rely on the scientific method.
B. use their intuition.
C. rely on the study of internal medicine.
D. use speculation.
6. In what way are the diverse subfields of psychology related?
A. They allow psychologists to explain different types of behavior in the same way.
B. They ultimately share a common goal.
C. They always lead to an M.D. (Doctor of Medicine) degree.
D. They are not related at all, other than being considered part of psychology.
7. Dr. Alvarez studies how the degeneration of certain components of nerve cells in the brain might
contribute to the development of multiple sclerosis. Dr. Alvarez's work BEST exemplifies the _____
subfield of psychology.
A. cognitive
B. experimental
C. developmental
D. behavioral neuroscience
8. Which of the following branches of psychology studies the processes of sensing, perceiving, learning, and
thinking about the world?
A. Behavioral neuroscience
B. Developmental psychology
C. Experimental psychology
D. Health psychology
,9. Why is the term experimental psychology considered somewhat misleading?
A. Psychologists in every subfield use the experimental method.
B. The term is no longer in existence.
C. Most psychological topics are not suited to experimental study.
D. Experimental methods are only appropriate to the study of the biological bases of behavior.
10. Which of the following subfields of psychology is INCORRECTLY matched with its description?
A. Behavioral neuroscience: examines the relationship between the nervous system and behavior
B. Cognitive: examines how people grow and change from conception through death
C. Experimental: examines the processes of sensing, perceiving, learning, and thinking
D. Clinical: deals with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders
11. Which of the following subfields of psychology is CORRECTLY matched with a sample topic?
A. Behavioral neuroscience: the influence of chronic stress on physical health
B. Developmental psychology: the effectiveness of drug therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder
C. Cognitive psychology: the influence of on event on people's thinking
D. Health psychology: the role that frustration plays in producing aggression
12. How are cognitive and experimental psychology related?
A. They are the same.
B. They are two completely distinct subfields of psychology.
C. Cognitive psychology is part of experimental psychology.
D. Experimental psychology is part of cognitive psychology.
13. _____ psychology focuses on higher mental processes, including thinking, memory, reasoning, problem
solving, judging, decision making, and language.
A. Developmental
B. Personality
C. Clinical
D. Cognitive
14. Developmental psychology:
A. focuses primarily on educational, social, and career adjustment problems.
B. studies how people grow and change from the moment of conception through death.
C focuses on higher mental processes, including thinking, memory, reasoning, problem solving, judging,
. decision making, and language.
D. deals with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders.
15. Personality psychology:
A. focuses primarily on educational, social, and career adjustment problems.
B. focuses on the consistency in people's behavior over time and the traits that differentiate one person
from another.
C focuses on higher mental processes, including thinking, memory, reasoning, problem solving, judging,
. decision making, and language.
D. deals with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders.
16. Dr. Chen studies how people grow and change during late adolescence and young adulthood; Dr. Doherty
focuses on several traits that distinguish one person from another. Dr. Chen is a(n) _____ psychologist;
Dr. Doherty is a _____.
A. experimental psychologist; cognitive psychologist
B. health psychologist; clinical psychologist
C. developmental psychologist; personality psychologist
D. clinical psychologist; counseling psychologist
,17. Dr. Ebrahim examines how children's friendships change through elementary and middle-school years.
Dr. Ebrahim is a(n) _____ psychologist.
A. clinical
B. evolutionary
C. experimental
D. developmental
18. At a conference on terrorism research, a panel of psychologists is discussing suicide bombers. Dr. Gerami
outlines the role of charismatic leaders in encouraging the actions of suicide bombers. Dr. Hespeler
argues that sometimes, suicide bombing may be seen as a rational response to a particular system of
beliefs. Finally, Dr. Islington reviews the internal traits associated with suicide bombing. Which of
the following alternatives BEST identifies the subfields in which each of these psychologists probably
specializes?
A. Dr. Gerami: personality psychology; Dr. Hespeler: cross-cultural psychology; Dr. Islington: social
psychology
B. Dr. Gerami: social psychology; Dr. Hespeler: personality psychology; Dr. Islington: cross-cultural
psychology
C. Dr. Gerami: social psychology; Dr. Hespeler: cross-cultural psychology; Dr. Islington: personality
psychology
D. Dr. Gerami: cross-cultural psychology; Dr. Hespeler: experimental psychology; Dr. Islington:
personality psychology
19. Enterprise City has been hard hit by a recent economic downturn. Local psychologists are holding a
public workshop to help the citizens cope with the adversity. Dr. Kurutz is outlining strategies to help
laid-off adults avoid overeating, or the use of drugs or alcohol. Dr. Kurutz is most clearly a(n) _____
psychologist.
A. experimental
B. cross-cultural
C. social
D. health
20. Which branch of psychology explores the relationship between psychological factors and physical
ailments or disease?
A. Developmental psychology
B. Health psychology
C. Perceptual psychology
D. Clinical neuropsychology
21. How do clinical and counseling psychology differ?
A. Clinical psychology requires more advanced study than does counseling psychology.
B. Clinical psychologists have a PhD or an MD degree, whereas counseling psychologists have a PsyD
degree.
C. Counseling psychologists deal with problems that are more specific than the problems that clinical
psychologists deal with.
D. Clinical and counseling psychology are synonymous.
22. Fiona helps students with ADHD develop effective study regimens and strategies. Fiona is most likely
a(n) _____ psychologist.
A. health
B. experimental
C. developmental
D. counseling
23. Counseling psychologists are more likely than clinical psychologists to practice in:
A. hospitals.
B. laboratories.
C. offices.
D. colleges.
, 24. Dr. Growe is reading about a research in which psychologists investigated the effect of group size on the
conformity of group members. Dr. Growe is most likely reading the Journal of _____ Psychology.
A. Developmental
B. Social
C. Counseling
D. Evolutionary
25. Social psychology:
A. focuses primarily on educational, social, and career adjustment problems.
B. deals with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders.
C. investigates the similarities and differences in psychological functioning in and across various cultures
and ethnic groups.
D. is the study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and actions are affected by others.
26. _____ psychologists concentrate on diverse topics such as human aggression, liking and loving,
persuasion, and conformity.
A. Counseling
B. Social
C. Evolutionary
D. Clinical
27. Which of the following is NOT one of the three newer branches of psychology's family tree?
A. Counseling psychology
B. Behavioral genetics
C. Evolutionary psychology
D. Clinical neuropsychology
28. Evolutionary psychologists are especially interested in:
A. how behavior is influenced by our genetic inheritance from our ancestors.
B. the genetic basis of physical characteristics.
C. how thought and behavior are influenced by the structure of the brain.
D. how personality traits and social behavior vary across cultures.
29. Charles Darwin's book On the Origin of Species was published in:
A. 1529
B. 1739
C. 1859
D. 1939
30. In what way, if any, do evolutionary psychologists go beyond Darwin's arguments?
A. They suggest that culture influences the nature of behavioral and mental processes.
B. They argue that our genetic heritage influences our physical characteristics.
C. They argue that our genetic heritage determines aspects of our personality and social behavior.
D. They do not go beyond Darwin's original arguments.
31. Dr. Lin and Dr. Marino both study obesity. Dr. Lin relates the likelihood of obesity to levels of the
trait of neuroticism - the tendency to experience upsetting emotions. Dr. Marino relates obesity to the
frequency with which individuals eat alone, with family members, or in the presence of larger groups of
friends, acquaintances, or strangers. Which of the following statements is most likely TRUE regarding the
subfields in which Dr. Lin and Dr. Marino specialize?
A. Dr. Marino is a social psychologist.
B. Dr. Lin is a social psychologist.
C. Dr. Marino is a personality psychologist.
D. Dr. Lin is a behavioral psychologist.
