Archeology Exam II
The study of the human biological component evident in archaeology is: -
ANS-bioarchaeology
Which aspect of archaeology remains a highly sensitive subject in many parts of the
world? - ANS-study of human remains
When modern archaeologists expect to encounter human remains, they involve a
bioarchaeologist - ANS-from day one.
Although human bone is distinctive, archaeological skeletal remains - ANS-are often
fragmented and weathered, making them difficult to identify.
At Stillwater Marsh, when human burials were excavated, the Native Americans were: -
ANS-given genuine authority, respect, and power.
Bioarchaeologists are accustomed to working with well-defined sets of remains from
grave sites, each from a separate individual. This is why - ANS-bioarchaeologists are
not concerned with issues of MNI or NISP.
Ancient cultural practices that mixed human skeletal remains together make it difficult to
group skeletal remains by individual. An example of this type of practice is a -
ANS-charnal house.
Archaeologists learn to identify bone through classes in human anatomy and: -
ANS-osteology.
A set of human burials that comes from a limited region and time period is: - ANS-a
burial population.
The angle of the edge of the rear side of both pelvis halves is called the: - ANS-sciatic
notch.
Determination of a skeleton's sex can be observed by the subpubic angle. The angle is
wider in - ANS-females.
,If they have not decayed with age, changes in the pubic symphysis can be an indicator
of - ANS-age of the individual.
Because they fuse at known rates, which bones help calibrate age? - ANS-epiphyses
Whereas "distal" refers to ends of bones farther from the body's center, ________ refers
to bone ends closer to the body's center. - ANS-"proximal"
Research with present day hunter-gatherers suggests that - ANS-ancient populations
had plenty of leisure time, adequate diets, and low levels of disease.
The study of ancient disease patterns and disorders is: - ANS-paleopathology.
Nutritional deficiencies are examples of stress indicators classified as -
ANS-nonspecific.
Which pathologies in prehistoric bones are easy to identify? - ANS-breaks
Stillwater Marsh skeletons exhibited ________, an eye orbit surface manifestation
symptomatic of iron deficiency. - ANS-cribra orbitalia
Horizontal lines perceptible near the ends of long bones indicating episodes of
physiological stress are called: - ANS-Harris lines.
Paleodemography reconstructs parameters such as life expectancy at birth, the age
profile of a population, and patterns in the ages of death. - ANS-True
Analysis of long bone cross sections helped archaeologists determine that, overall,
people living at Stillwater Marsh did not walk much, but women walked more than men.
- ANS-False
Dental caries can help differentiate between agriculturalists and hunter-gatherer
populations because caries result when simple carbohydrates remain on your teeth. -
ANS-True
Bone collagen is an inorganic component of bone. - ANS-False
Molecular archaeology is a new approach that raises as many questions as it attempts
to answer. - ANS-True
, aDNA - ANS-Ancient DNA recovered from organic materials in archaeological sites.
bioarchaeology - ANS-The study of the human biological component evident in the
archaeological record.
bone collagen - ANS-The organic component of bone.
bundle burial - ANS-Burial of a person's bones, bundled together, after the flesh has
been removed or allowed to decay off the bones.
burial population - ANS-A set of human burials that come from a limited region and a
limited time period. The more limited the region and the time period, the more accurate
will be inferences drawn from analysis of the burials.
caries - ANS-Cavities.
charnel house - ANS-A structure used by eastern North Americans to lay out the dead
where the body would decompose. The bones would later be gathered and buried or
cremated.
cribra orbitalia - ANS-A symptom of iron deficiency anemia in which the bone of the
upper eye sockets takes on a spongy appearance.
eburnation - ANS-A sign of osteoarthritis in which the epiphyses of long bones are worn
smooth, causing them to take on a varnish-like appearance.
enamel hypoplasias - ANS-Horizontal linear defects in tooth enamel indicating episodes
of physiological stress.
epiphyses - ANS-The ends of bones that fuse to the main shaft or portion of bone at
various ages; most bones are fused by age 25. This fact can be used to age skeletons
of younger individuals.
gene - ANS-A unit of the chromosomes that controls inheritance of particular traits.
haplogroup - ANS-Genetic lineages defined by similar genes at a locus on a
chromosome.
Harris lines - ANS-Horizontal lines near the ends of long bones indicating episodes of
physiological stress.
The study of the human biological component evident in archaeology is: -
ANS-bioarchaeology
Which aspect of archaeology remains a highly sensitive subject in many parts of the
world? - ANS-study of human remains
When modern archaeologists expect to encounter human remains, they involve a
bioarchaeologist - ANS-from day one.
Although human bone is distinctive, archaeological skeletal remains - ANS-are often
fragmented and weathered, making them difficult to identify.
At Stillwater Marsh, when human burials were excavated, the Native Americans were: -
ANS-given genuine authority, respect, and power.
Bioarchaeologists are accustomed to working with well-defined sets of remains from
grave sites, each from a separate individual. This is why - ANS-bioarchaeologists are
not concerned with issues of MNI or NISP.
Ancient cultural practices that mixed human skeletal remains together make it difficult to
group skeletal remains by individual. An example of this type of practice is a -
ANS-charnal house.
Archaeologists learn to identify bone through classes in human anatomy and: -
ANS-osteology.
A set of human burials that comes from a limited region and time period is: - ANS-a
burial population.
The angle of the edge of the rear side of both pelvis halves is called the: - ANS-sciatic
notch.
Determination of a skeleton's sex can be observed by the subpubic angle. The angle is
wider in - ANS-females.
,If they have not decayed with age, changes in the pubic symphysis can be an indicator
of - ANS-age of the individual.
Because they fuse at known rates, which bones help calibrate age? - ANS-epiphyses
Whereas "distal" refers to ends of bones farther from the body's center, ________ refers
to bone ends closer to the body's center. - ANS-"proximal"
Research with present day hunter-gatherers suggests that - ANS-ancient populations
had plenty of leisure time, adequate diets, and low levels of disease.
The study of ancient disease patterns and disorders is: - ANS-paleopathology.
Nutritional deficiencies are examples of stress indicators classified as -
ANS-nonspecific.
Which pathologies in prehistoric bones are easy to identify? - ANS-breaks
Stillwater Marsh skeletons exhibited ________, an eye orbit surface manifestation
symptomatic of iron deficiency. - ANS-cribra orbitalia
Horizontal lines perceptible near the ends of long bones indicating episodes of
physiological stress are called: - ANS-Harris lines.
Paleodemography reconstructs parameters such as life expectancy at birth, the age
profile of a population, and patterns in the ages of death. - ANS-True
Analysis of long bone cross sections helped archaeologists determine that, overall,
people living at Stillwater Marsh did not walk much, but women walked more than men.
- ANS-False
Dental caries can help differentiate between agriculturalists and hunter-gatherer
populations because caries result when simple carbohydrates remain on your teeth. -
ANS-True
Bone collagen is an inorganic component of bone. - ANS-False
Molecular archaeology is a new approach that raises as many questions as it attempts
to answer. - ANS-True
, aDNA - ANS-Ancient DNA recovered from organic materials in archaeological sites.
bioarchaeology - ANS-The study of the human biological component evident in the
archaeological record.
bone collagen - ANS-The organic component of bone.
bundle burial - ANS-Burial of a person's bones, bundled together, after the flesh has
been removed or allowed to decay off the bones.
burial population - ANS-A set of human burials that come from a limited region and a
limited time period. The more limited the region and the time period, the more accurate
will be inferences drawn from analysis of the burials.
caries - ANS-Cavities.
charnel house - ANS-A structure used by eastern North Americans to lay out the dead
where the body would decompose. The bones would later be gathered and buried or
cremated.
cribra orbitalia - ANS-A symptom of iron deficiency anemia in which the bone of the
upper eye sockets takes on a spongy appearance.
eburnation - ANS-A sign of osteoarthritis in which the epiphyses of long bones are worn
smooth, causing them to take on a varnish-like appearance.
enamel hypoplasias - ANS-Horizontal linear defects in tooth enamel indicating episodes
of physiological stress.
epiphyses - ANS-The ends of bones that fuse to the main shaft or portion of bone at
various ages; most bones are fused by age 25. This fact can be used to age skeletons
of younger individuals.
gene - ANS-A unit of the chromosomes that controls inheritance of particular traits.
haplogroup - ANS-Genetic lineages defined by similar genes at a locus on a
chromosome.
Harris lines - ANS-Horizontal lines near the ends of long bones indicating episodes of
physiological stress.
