Org & Mng: Basic Concepts and Theories of Management: Meaning, Functions, Types, and Theories of Management (Reviewer) Practice Exam Questions With Practical Answers.

Management - correct answer ~ the process used to accomplish organizational goals through planning, organizing, leading, and controlling people and other organizational resources ~ is an art of knowing what to do, when to do, and see that it is done in the best and cheapest way. ~ The heart of any organization True, it is the most important - correct answer Is management the most important element in any organization? Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing/Leading, Controlling - correct answer What are the five functions of management? Planning - correct answer ~ is a pervasive, continuous, and never-ending activity. ~ It includes identifying the aims and purposes of the business, its tactics, and developing plans to incorporate and synchronize activities and enhance the ability of the organization to adapt to the future condition. Organizing - correct answer ~ involves the establishment of an organizational structure that ensures that each job or position is not duplicated and the corresponding authority is properly identified with the responsibilities assigned to the person concerned. Staffing - correct answer ~ includes manpower planning, recruitment, selection, and placement training to supply the manpower of the company and keeping the positions filled - these positions are created by the organizational structure. Directing/Leading - correct answer ~ involves guiding and leading subordinates. This involves encouraging people to work towards the attainment of the company's goals and objectives. Controlling - correct answer ~ involves checking the work accomplished against plans or standards and making adjustments or corrections when new developments or unforeseen events necessitate. ~ is the measurement and appraisal of activities performed by the subordinates in order to make sure that the objectives and the plans devised to attain them are being achieved. Management Theories - correct answer ~ are visions of different ways to run a business based on differing assumptions about how people and systems operate. Max Weber - correct answer ~ was a German sociologist who though that well-run bureaucracies would become fairer, more impartial, and predictable. Bureaucratic Management Theory - correct answer What type of Management theory is this? This is based on Max Weber's theory Organizations should look like the government and the legal system. A Legal - Rational approach should be done in an organization and not follow the traditional, family - based nor charisma-based leadership. Each person's authority is tied to the official position he occupies. The influence and power brought by his work end once he is not in a position anymore. Clear rules should govern performance. Standardized guidelines should determine hiring and firing. He was against favoritism or "particularism". Bureaucratic management theory - correct answer This management theory stresses clearly designated roles for employees and management based on hierarchies that streamline authority and make it clear who is in charge and who is not. It emphasized division of work, rules and regulations, the chain of command and impersonal work relationship. Frederick W. Taylor - correct answer ~ was an American who developed the Scientific Management Theory, which also came to be known as "Taylorism". Scientific Management Theory - correct answer ~ is the systematic study of relationships between people and tasks to redesign the work process for higher efficiency. Henry Fayol - correct answer ~ is a French Management Theorist who is also considered the Father of Modern Management. Administrative Management Theory - correct answer ~ the study of how to create an organizational structure and control system that leads to high efficiency and effectiveness 1. Division of Work 2. Authority and Responsibility 3. Unity of Command 4. Discipline 5. Unity of Direction 6. Subordination of Individual Interest over General Interest 7. Remuneration 8. Centralization 9. Scalar chain 10. Order 11. Equity 12. Stability 13. Initiative 14. Espirit de Corps - correct answer Enumerate the 14 Basic Principles of Management Division of work - correct answer it involves specialization of the workforce by dividing a small part of work. It promotes mastery among the workers. Authority and Responsibility - correct answer the power, or the right entrusted to make the work possible; and the duty of work assigned to a particular position. ~ These two terms are inseparable Unity of Command - correct answer There must only be one superior that gives directives/orders to employees to avoid confusion. Discipline - correct answer giving respect and comply with the policies of the organization. Unity of direction - correct answer an organization should have a single plan of action to guide its managers and workers. Subordination of Individual Interest over General Interest - correct answer The welfare of the organization should come first over that of the interest of an individual. Remuneration - correct answer compensation must be fair. Centralization - correct answer authority is concentrated at the top hierarchy of an organization. Scalar Chain - correct answer refers to the sequence of positions from the highest to the lowest rank. Order - correct answer People and materials should be in the right place at the right time. Equity - correct answer respect, fairness, impartiality Stability of Tenure - correct answer the organization should promote long term employment. Initiative - correct answer subordinates exercising creativity without directives from subordinates. Managers should encourage them to propose and execute their ideas or plans. Espirit de Corps - correct answer French word which means "Unity is Strength." Managers should promote team spirit and each employee should be a team player. George Elton Mayo - correct answer Australian by birth and a Harvard Professor, believed that all early management theories only focused on how money affects employee performance. Human Relations Management Theory - correct answer ~ theory based on the human and social aspects of work where corporations are viewed as social institutions, people want to find meaning in their work and will contribute in positive ways if the work is well designed, and workers will be most productive if they are respected and if managers rely on workers to motivate themselves and solve problems on their own.