Medical Surgical ATI Exam Questions With Verified Answers.

Medical Surgical ATI Exam Questions With Verified Answers. The term used for before surgery? What is the nurses responsibility for this term? - answerPeroperative Educator, advocate and health promotion. What is the term used during surgery? What is the nurses responsibility for this term - answerIntraoperative Safety and advocacy. What is the term used after surgery? What is the nurses responsibility for this term? - answerPostoperative On going evaluation and stabilization of clients, prevention of post-op complications. Purpose of surgery: give examples 1. Diagnostic: 2. Curative: 3. Restorative: 4. Palliative : 5. Cosmetic surgery: - answerPurpose of surgery: 1. Diagnostic: exploratory laparotomy. 2. Curative: fibroid tumors-hysterectomy. 3. Restorative: hip replacement. 4. Palliative surgery makes the client more comfortable. Does not cure, ex. suprapubic catheter. 5. Cosmetic surgery reconstructs the skin and underlying structures, ex. scar revision. Who is responsible for obtaining a signed consent before sedation is given and surgery is performed? - answerThe surgeon What is the nurses role when a consent is being signed? - answerwitness client signature. (pg. 642) The nurse is responsible for making sure pt is NPO b/f surgery, what happens if pt eats? - answerSurgery get CX and by eating increases the risk for pt to have aspiration. How many hours does a pt have to be NPO b/f surgery? - answerUsually after midnight for 6-8 hours. Why are bowel or intestinal preparation performed b/f surgery? - answerto prevent injury to the colon and to reduce the number of intestinal bacteria. An enema or laxative may be ordered by the physician. Do we shave the patient b/f surgery? - answerIt is viewed as controversial and an increase risk to infection Name things that you would teach the pt for postoperative. - answer-Breathing exercises, incentive spirometry, coughing and splinting, leg procedures and exercises, anti-embolism stockings, and elastic wraps, early ambulation, and range of motion exercises. Name 5 things the nurse would do for anxiety prevention b/f surgery? - answer1. Preoperative teaching. 2. Encouraging communication. 3. Promoting rest. 4. Using distraction. 5. Teaching family and significant others. If some one has come bk from surgery and had anesthesia what are the two high risk patients the nurse should really look out for? - answer-Those with liver and kidney disease. Induced state of partial or total loss of sensation, occurring with or without loss of consciousness. Used to block nerve impulse transmission, suppress reflexes, promote muscle relaxation, and in some instances achieve a controlled level of unconsciousness. - answerAnesthesia -Reversible loss of consciousness. -State can be achieved by a single agent or a combination of agents. -CNS is depressed resulting in analgesia, amnesia and unconsciousness with loss of muscle tone and reflexes. -With this the nurse needs to consider emotional/psychological effects which include the fear of being put to sleep. - answerGeneral Anesthesia Name the two types of General anesthesia and info about them. - answer1. Inhalation-Intake and excretion of anesthetic gas or vapor to the lungs through a mask. 2. Intravenous Injection- injected through an IV line disposed in the blood. How long does recovery take when given general anesthesia? - answerRecovery depends on type of agent, length of time client is anesthetized and if a reversal agent is used. What are possible responses to general anesthesia? - answerRetching, vomiting, restlessness and changes in the ability to control body temperature. What are some interventions we might use when some one went through general anesthesia? - answerSuction equipment, warmth and O2. ****************test question******************** What is the biggest complication from general anesthesia? - answerMalignant hyperthermia **************test question********************* This is the biggest complication from general anesthesia. - answerMalignant hyperthermia Name 5 complications of General anesthesia. - answer1. Malignant hyperthermia 2. Overdose 3. Complications of specific anesthetic agents. 4. Unrecognized hypoventilation. 5. Complications of intubation. This is caused by a local or regional anesthesia: Secondary to the interruption of the sensory nerve impulse transmission from a specific body area or region. - answerInsensibility Name 4 things that local or regional anesthesia does to the body. - answer1. Insensibility 2. Motor function may be affected. 3. Client remains conscious and able to follow instructions. 4. Gag and cough reflexes remain intact. Condition that is marked by a rapid rise in body temperature, increase in serum calcium and potassium, signs of increased muscle metabolism (muscle proteins detected in the urine) and rigidity. Can be life-threatening. - answerMalignant Hyperthermia What type of agents are used on the pt before the have a local or regional anesthesia? - answerSedatives, opioid analgesics, or hypnotics.