Gender Issues in Communication Exam
#1
Sex - correct answer-Genitalia, chromosomes, hormones
-1 in every 500
-600,000 in the U.S.
-xx-most common form of female
-xy- most common form of male
xyy chromosomes - correct answer-In Britain 97% have __________ chromosomes
gender - correct answer-psychological, social, not innate
-learned
-a process
vary by culture, by time - correct answer-how many genders are there?
sex is innate, biological characteristics such as genitalia, chromosomes, hormones
--male, female, intersex
gender is a psychological and culturally constructed terms which varies from culture to
culture and changes over time
-woman, man, transgender, feminine, masculine, androgynous - correct answer-sex vs
gender
transgender - correct answer-internalizes, feels, and/or expresses and presents a gender
identity that differs from traditional identity-biological sex alignments
--example- Codman-female-feminine
cisgender - correct answer-a person who fits conventional, social expectations of gender
-on the same side as cisman, ciswoman; cismale, cisfemale
sexual orientation/sexuality - correct answer-the whole way a person goes about expressing
himself/herself/themselves as a sexual being
-desires:romantically&sexually
-fluid & may change over time
biological theories - correct answer--explain and predict
-_____________ traits
-gender differences as genetically based (not determined)
-naturally set at birth
same thing, no difference between sex and gender - correct answer-a biological theorist
would say that
female-woman
, male-man
are the __________________
progressive (biological theories) - correct answer-discriminate biases and stereotypes
regressive (biological theories) - correct answer-very rigid definition
-justify unequal treatment of women
-data is "raw" until we attached meaning to it (base gender differences on biases)
interpersonal theories - correct answer-may be influenced by biology factors but primarily
learned
-early relationships (they say that we become our gender through social interactions)
-socially and psychologically constructed
-not innate
-changeable (depends on environment) - correct answer-interpersonal theories see gender
as...
mothering theory (chodorow) - correct answer--sameness (connection) with daughter
--caring, loving, its like a little her, know what its like to be a little girl
-difference (autonomy) with sons
--has never been a boy so doesn't know what its like to be one
mothers in daughters and expectations for women-as-mothers-in-sons - correct
answer-mothering theory (chodorow) recreates ________________ and
__________________
interpersonal-focuses on communication and observation - correct answer-social learning
theory has ____________infleunces
1. observation
2. imitations
3. feedback
4. adjustment/maintenance - correct answer-4 stages of social learning theory
negative, positive - correct answer-adjustment if the feedback is __________ and
maintenance if the feedback is ____________
cultural theories - correct answer-the influence of culture and society on gender
developement
-gendered self as product
-& processes - correct answer-main features of cultural theories
anthropological theories - correct answer--influences of a society's values, beliefs, and rituals
- same importance; culturally based
#1
Sex - correct answer-Genitalia, chromosomes, hormones
-1 in every 500
-600,000 in the U.S.
-xx-most common form of female
-xy- most common form of male
xyy chromosomes - correct answer-In Britain 97% have __________ chromosomes
gender - correct answer-psychological, social, not innate
-learned
-a process
vary by culture, by time - correct answer-how many genders are there?
sex is innate, biological characteristics such as genitalia, chromosomes, hormones
--male, female, intersex
gender is a psychological and culturally constructed terms which varies from culture to
culture and changes over time
-woman, man, transgender, feminine, masculine, androgynous - correct answer-sex vs
gender
transgender - correct answer-internalizes, feels, and/or expresses and presents a gender
identity that differs from traditional identity-biological sex alignments
--example- Codman-female-feminine
cisgender - correct answer-a person who fits conventional, social expectations of gender
-on the same side as cisman, ciswoman; cismale, cisfemale
sexual orientation/sexuality - correct answer-the whole way a person goes about expressing
himself/herself/themselves as a sexual being
-desires:romantically&sexually
-fluid & may change over time
biological theories - correct answer--explain and predict
-_____________ traits
-gender differences as genetically based (not determined)
-naturally set at birth
same thing, no difference between sex and gender - correct answer-a biological theorist
would say that
female-woman
, male-man
are the __________________
progressive (biological theories) - correct answer-discriminate biases and stereotypes
regressive (biological theories) - correct answer-very rigid definition
-justify unequal treatment of women
-data is "raw" until we attached meaning to it (base gender differences on biases)
interpersonal theories - correct answer-may be influenced by biology factors but primarily
learned
-early relationships (they say that we become our gender through social interactions)
-socially and psychologically constructed
-not innate
-changeable (depends on environment) - correct answer-interpersonal theories see gender
as...
mothering theory (chodorow) - correct answer--sameness (connection) with daughter
--caring, loving, its like a little her, know what its like to be a little girl
-difference (autonomy) with sons
--has never been a boy so doesn't know what its like to be one
mothers in daughters and expectations for women-as-mothers-in-sons - correct
answer-mothering theory (chodorow) recreates ________________ and
__________________
interpersonal-focuses on communication and observation - correct answer-social learning
theory has ____________infleunces
1. observation
2. imitations
3. feedback
4. adjustment/maintenance - correct answer-4 stages of social learning theory
negative, positive - correct answer-adjustment if the feedback is __________ and
maintenance if the feedback is ____________
cultural theories - correct answer-the influence of culture and society on gender
developement
-gendered self as product
-& processes - correct answer-main features of cultural theories
anthropological theories - correct answer--influences of a society's values, beliefs, and rituals
- same importance; culturally based
