Geology 101 Review Practice Test.
The Principle of _ state that the physical, chemical, and biological processes at work shaping the Earth today have also operated in the geologic past. - CORRECT ANSWER uniformitarianism
What is the accepted age of the Earth? - CORRECT ANSWER 4.6 billion years
What percentage of the Earth is covered by oceans? - CORRECT ANSWER 71%
What is though to be the date of the formation of the universe? - CORRECT ANSWER 13.7 billion years
What is the definition of differentiation? - CORRECT ANSWER Separation of material based on density
What property of the crust allowed it to form as the exterior of Earth? - CORRECT ANSWER Materials that make up the crust are less dense and rose to the top
What provides us with the most information about the interior of the Earth? - CORRECT ANSWER Seismic Energy Waves
Which layer of the Earth is the thinnest? - CORRECT ANSWER Crust
Which layer of the Earth is the thickest? - CORRECT ANSWER Mantle
What is the definition of the asthenosphere? - CORRECT ANSWER A soft, low-velocity layer in the Upper Mantle
What is the name of the theory that describes the formation of the universe? - CORRECT ANSWER Big Bang Theory Which of the three most abundant elements in the universe has the highest percentage? - CORRECT ANSWER Hydrogen
What environmental condition had to change before subatomic particles could come together and form the first atoms after the Big Bang? - CORRECT ANSWER Temperature had to decrease so the subatomic particles could join into an atom
Which process is responsible for oxygen in the atmosphere today? - CORRECT ANSWER Photosynthesis
What is a craton? - CORRECT ANSWER The oldest part of a continent that has not been significantly deformed for 600 million years
Which of the following organisms is defined as a primitive organism that reproduces asexually and lacks an organized nucleus? - CORRECT ANSWER Prokaryote
Which mineral resource is the main component for plaster and drywall? - CORRECT ANSWER Gypsum
_ is the process where materials separate into different layers due to density. - CORRECT ANSWER Differentiation
Where is oceanic crust generated? - CORRECT ANSWER Along divergent plate boundaries
Of the three mechanisms of heat transfer, which is the only one that does not operate in the interior of the Earth? - CORRECT ANSWER Radiation
Thermal springs known as _ are often associated with oceanic ridges, where hat water containing dissolved minerals gushes from the seafloor. - CORRECT ANSWER black smokers
What is the definition of orogenesis? - CORRECT ANSWER Processes that collectively form a mountain belt
The Principle of _ state that the physical, chemical, and biological processes at work shaping the Earth today have also operated in the geologic past. - CORRECT ANSWER uniformitarianism
What is the accepted age of the Earth? - CORRECT ANSWER 4.6 billion years
What percentage of the Earth is covered by oceans? - CORRECT ANSWER 71%
What is though to be the date of the formation of the universe? - CORRECT ANSWER 13.7 billion years
What is the definition of differentiation? - CORRECT ANSWER Separation of material based on density
What property of the crust allowed it to form as the exterior of Earth? - CORRECT ANSWER Materials that make up the crust are less dense and rose to the top
What provides us with the most information about the interior of the Earth? - CORRECT ANSWER Seismic Energy Waves
Which layer of the Earth is the thinnest? - CORRECT ANSWER Crust
Which layer of the Earth is the thickest? - CORRECT ANSWER Mantle
What is the definition of the asthenosphere? - CORRECT ANSWER A soft, low-velocity layer in the Upper Mantle
What is the name of the theory that describes the formation of the universe? - CORRECT ANSWER Big Bang Theory Which of the three most abundant elements in the universe has the highest percentage? - CORRECT ANSWER Hydrogen
What environmental condition had to change before subatomic particles could come together and form the first atoms after the Big Bang? - CORRECT ANSWER Temperature had to decrease so the subatomic particles could join into an atom
Which process is responsible for oxygen in the atmosphere today? - CORRECT ANSWER Photosynthesis
What is a craton? - CORRECT ANSWER The oldest part of a continent that has not been significantly deformed for 600 million years
Which of the following organisms is defined as a primitive organism that reproduces asexually and lacks an organized nucleus? - CORRECT ANSWER Prokaryote
Which mineral resource is the main component for plaster and drywall? - CORRECT ANSWER Gypsum
_ is the process where materials separate into different layers due to density. - CORRECT ANSWER Differentiation
Where is oceanic crust generated? - CORRECT ANSWER Along divergent plate boundaries
Of the three mechanisms of heat transfer, which is the only one that does not operate in the interior of the Earth? - CORRECT ANSWER Radiation
Thermal springs known as _ are often associated with oceanic ridges, where hat water containing dissolved minerals gushes from the seafloor. - CORRECT ANSWER black smokers
What is the definition of orogenesis? - CORRECT ANSWER Processes that collectively form a mountain belt
