NUR 2060 PHARM Final Exam Review Questions and Correct Answers

NUR 2060 PHARM Final Exam Review Questions and Correct Answers What is pharmacotherapeutics? Ans~~ use of drugs to diagnose, prevent, or treat disease or prevent pregnancy. What is pharmacokinet ics? Ans~~ how the drugs moves through the body (i.e. absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion) What is pharmacodynamics? Ans~~ how the drug works in the body What is selectivity? Ans~~ only elicits response for which it is given, no side ef fects What is affinity? Ans~~ strength of attraction What is half -life? Ans~~ amount of time it takes for ½ of a drug to be out of system What is an antagonist? Ans~~ a substance that interferes with or inhibits the physiological action of another What is an agonist? Ans~~ a substance that initiates a physiological response when combined with a receptor What is the minimal effective concentration? Ans~~ reflects the minimum concentration of drug at the receptor site to elicit the desired pharmacological response What is the ceiling effect with drugs? Ans~~ the phenomenon in which a drug reaches a maximum effect, so that increasing the drug dosage does n ot increase its effectiveness What is potency? Ans~~ the power of something to influence or make an impression What is efficacy? Ans~~ the ability to produce a desired or intended result What is intrinsic ability? Ans~~ efficacy refers to the relativ e ability of a drug -receptor complex to produce a maximum functional response What is bioavailability? Ans~~ portion or percent of an administered dose of drug that is absorbed and able to cause effect. may be affected by all the factors that affect abso rption What patients are most susceptible to medication side effects and why? Ans~~ --Elderly: due to decline in liver and kidney function --Young: due to immature hepatic function What is the difference between enteral and parenteral? Ans~~ --Enteral : via mouth --Parenteral: via blood stream What would low levels of albumin while taking a medication do in the body? Ans~~ Low levels of albumin would increase the level of that drug in the blood stream causing it to have a more profound/harmful effect on the patient