CCI ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY PRACTICE
EXAM 2024-2025
Which aortic leaflet is superior in the PSLA? - ANSWER: Right Leaflet
Name the tricuspid leaflets: posterior and anterior.
The coronary arteries originate from the... - ANSWER Sinus of Valsalva
Name the vessels that emerge from the arch, and which are the most proximal or
distal. - ANSWER Innominate (proximal), left carotid and left subclavian (distal).
What cardiac conditions are related to bicuspid aortic valves? - ANSWER
Coarctation of the aorta
Where does the greatest aortic coarctation occur? - ANSWER After the takeoff of
the left subclavian artery, or within the aortic isthmus.
Where are the pulmonary veins located? Which ones can be seen in this view? -
ANSWER Right and left superior (upper) pulmonary veins
Where is the coronary sinus located? - ANSWER: posterior AV groove.
To see the coronary sinus in the apical four-chamber view, angle the transducer. -
The answer is posterior.
In which phase do the coronaries fill? - Answer: early diastole.
, Where is the Chiari network located? - RA ANSWER
What region of the pulmonary venous PW Doppler shows atrial systole? -
ANSWER A wave.
Know the frequency of TEE probes versus TTE - ANSWER TTE probes are
usually higher (5-7MGz), while TTE probes are 2-7MHz.
What temperature makes it dangerous to use a TEE probe? - ANSWER: 40-45C
Understand TEE views by esophageal level (mid-esophageal-ME and transgastric)
and degree. - ANSWER 4ch: 0 degrees
2ch- 90 degrees.
LAX-120 degrees.
Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker? - ANSWER The SA node has the
greatest intrinsic rate among all cardiac tissues.
The saving of contraction (depolarization) goes from the endocardium to the
epicardium. - ANSWER Interior to the outside. Look at the Purkinje fibers above.
What is the absolute refractory condition? - ANSWER The period when a muscle
cell is not excitable, from phase 1 to phase 3; the ' relative refractory period' occurs
during phase 3, and the muscle cell may contract if the stimulus is strong.
Know what P wave, P-R interval, and T wave symbolizes. ANSWER: P wave-
atrial systole
P-R interval comprises the P-R segment (from atrial to ventricular depolarization).
EXAM 2024-2025
Which aortic leaflet is superior in the PSLA? - ANSWER: Right Leaflet
Name the tricuspid leaflets: posterior and anterior.
The coronary arteries originate from the... - ANSWER Sinus of Valsalva
Name the vessels that emerge from the arch, and which are the most proximal or
distal. - ANSWER Innominate (proximal), left carotid and left subclavian (distal).
What cardiac conditions are related to bicuspid aortic valves? - ANSWER
Coarctation of the aorta
Where does the greatest aortic coarctation occur? - ANSWER After the takeoff of
the left subclavian artery, or within the aortic isthmus.
Where are the pulmonary veins located? Which ones can be seen in this view? -
ANSWER Right and left superior (upper) pulmonary veins
Where is the coronary sinus located? - ANSWER: posterior AV groove.
To see the coronary sinus in the apical four-chamber view, angle the transducer. -
The answer is posterior.
In which phase do the coronaries fill? - Answer: early diastole.
, Where is the Chiari network located? - RA ANSWER
What region of the pulmonary venous PW Doppler shows atrial systole? -
ANSWER A wave.
Know the frequency of TEE probes versus TTE - ANSWER TTE probes are
usually higher (5-7MGz), while TTE probes are 2-7MHz.
What temperature makes it dangerous to use a TEE probe? - ANSWER: 40-45C
Understand TEE views by esophageal level (mid-esophageal-ME and transgastric)
and degree. - ANSWER 4ch: 0 degrees
2ch- 90 degrees.
LAX-120 degrees.
Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker? - ANSWER The SA node has the
greatest intrinsic rate among all cardiac tissues.
The saving of contraction (depolarization) goes from the endocardium to the
epicardium. - ANSWER Interior to the outside. Look at the Purkinje fibers above.
What is the absolute refractory condition? - ANSWER The period when a muscle
cell is not excitable, from phase 1 to phase 3; the ' relative refractory period' occurs
during phase 3, and the muscle cell may contract if the stimulus is strong.
Know what P wave, P-R interval, and T wave symbolizes. ANSWER: P wave-
atrial systole
P-R interval comprises the P-R segment (from atrial to ventricular depolarization).
